Objectives

To describe the use of the Amplatzer vascular plug II (AVPII) for transvenous occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus in a non-selective population of dogs, with a focus on the surgical technique, short term outcome and associated complications.

Animals, materials and methods

Retrospective study. Records of thirty-two consecutive dogs treated for a left-to-right shunting patent ductus arteriosus with the AVPII were reviewed.

Results

Ductal occlusion with an AVPII occlusion device was attempted in 32 dogs weighing 1.1–53.8 kg. Transvenous occlusion was successful in 30 dogs. One dog required a transarterial approach for occlusion. One dog died during catheterisation of the right heart but prior to transductal catheterisation. Mean ductal ampulla diameter was 7.9 mm (range, 4.1–15.4 mm) and median size of deployed devices was 10 mm (range 4–20 mm). Mean device to ampulla ratio was 1.34 ± 0.15. Device was positioned in situ with no residual flow on follow-up echocardiographic assessment (> one month) in all dogs where deployment was attempted. Occlusion success rate was 96.9% and mortality rate was 3.1%. Four dogs (13.3%) demonstrated minor complications, with none having long-term significance.

Conclusions

The use of AVPII device via a transvenous approach is a feasible and effective method for occlusion of a left-to-right shunting patent ductus arteriosus in dogs of a wide range of weight. The method described may complement existing catheter-based occlusion methods.

中文翻译：

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Amplatzer 血管塞 II 在 32 只连续的狗中用于动脉导管未闭的经静脉闭塞

目标

描述使用 Amplatzer 血管塞 II (AVPII) 在非选择性犬群中经静脉闭塞动脉导管未闭，重点关注手术技术、短期结果和相关并发症。

动物、材料和方法

回顾性研究。回顾了用 AVPII 治疗左向右分流动脉导管未闭的连续 32 只狗的记录。

结果

在 32 只体重 1.1-53.8 kg 的狗中尝试使用 AVPII 闭塞装置进行导管闭塞。经静脉闭塞在 30 只狗中成功。一只狗需要经动脉方法进行闭塞。一只狗在右心导管插入术期间但在经导管插入术之前死亡。平均导管壶腹直径为 7.9 毫米（范围，4.1-15.4 毫米），部署装置的中值尺寸为 10 毫米（范围 4-20 毫米）。平均装置与壶腹的比率为 1.34 ± 0.15。在尝试部署的所有狗的后续超声心动图评估（> 1 个月）中，设备被定位在原位，没有残留流量。闭塞成功率为96.9%，死亡率为3.1%。四只狗（13.3%）表现出轻微的并发症，没有一个具有长期意义。

结论

通过经静脉途径使用 AVPII 装置是一种可行且有效的方法，用于在各种体重的狗中封堵从左向右分流的动脉导管未闭。所描述的方法可以补充现有的基于导管的闭塞方法。