When people willingly volunteer their time, how does the salience of the opportunity costs of their time influence their experience of the activity? Study 1 uses the American Time Use Survey Well-Being module to examine whether the subjective experience of happiness while volunteering is influenced by how people are paid and the opportunity costs of their time spent volunteering. Among hourly paid workers for whom there is a salient heuristic for the opportunity costs of time, we found that higher opportunity costs of time as indicated by income and duration of the activity were associated with diminished happiness experienced during volunteering. No differences across income and duration emerged among non-hourly workers for whom there was not a salient heuristic for the opportunity costs of time. Using a student population who all volunteered for the same charity activity, Study 2 tested whether making the opportunity costs salient caused less happiness to be reported from the activity than those in the control condition. These studies contribute to our understanding of the psychological consequences of thinking about time in terms of money and how it may influence the hedonic experience of activities people choose to undertake in the applied context of volunteering.

中文翻译：

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什么时候获得每小时的工资会使成为一名快乐的志愿者变得困难？

当人们自愿提供时间时，他们时间的机会成本的显着性如何影响他们的活动体验？研究 1 使用美国时间使用调查幸福模块来检查志愿服务时的主观幸福体验是否受到人们的报酬方式和志愿服务时间的机会成本的影响。在对时间机会成本有显着启发的按小时计薪的工人中，我们发现，以收入和活动持续时间表示的较高时间机会成本与志愿服务期间体验的幸福感降低有关。非小时工在收入和持续时间方面没有差异，他们对时间的机会成本没有明显的启发。研究 2 使用所有自愿参加同一慈善活动的学生群体，测试是否使机会成本突出是否会导致活动报告的幸福感低于对照组。这些研究有助于我们理解从金钱角度思考时间的心理后果，以及它如何影响人们在志愿服务的应用环境中选择进行的活动的享乐体验。