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Status: nosocomial transmission and prevention of SARS-CoV-2 in a Danish context
APMIS ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-29 , DOI: 10.1111/apm.13160
Henrik Pierre Calum 1 , Louise Palasin Sode 2 , Michael Pedersen 1
Affiliation  

The unexpected pandemic with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has challenged the healthcare sector as regards preventing and controlling the virus from spreading between patients and hospital personnel. The massive spread of the pandemic has led state authorities to introduce restrictions on society and public behavior unprecedented in modern times. First, we describe the Danish effort regarding standard precautions, personal protective equipment, and disinfection in the healthcare setting with Denmark as an example. As regards, the number of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related hospital submissions, deaths, and infected healthcare workers in Denmark is not the hardest hit country compared with others. This cannot be explained by the hardness of the restrictions alone. Several aspects concerning the person-to-person spread of SARS-CoV-2 are not fully understood and require more experimental studies. The dogma is that virus transmission happens through either respiratory droplets or contact routes. However, it is likely not the whole truth, as we describe scenarios where droplets and/or direct contact cannot alone explain how all patients were infected. Aspects of the physiology of airborne transmission are considered, as several parameters are in play beyond particle size and respiratory rate. These are ozone concentration, ambient temperature, and humidity. In a hospital environment, these factors are not necessarily all controllable, making infection prevention and control a challenge.

中文翻译:

现状:丹麦背景下 SARS-CoV-2 的医院传播和预防

严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 的意外大流行对医疗保健部门在预防和控制病毒在患者和医院工作人员之间传播方面提出了挑战。大流行的大规模传播导致国家当局对社会和公共行为实行现代前所未有的限制。首先,我们以丹麦为例描述了丹麦在医疗保健环境中的标准预防措施、个人防护设备和消毒方面所做的努力。至于与其他国家相比,丹麦与 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 相关的医院提交、死亡和受感染的医护人员的数量并不是受灾最严重的国家。这不能仅用限制的严格程度来解释。有关 SARS-CoV-2 人际传播的几个方面尚未完全了解,需要更多的实验研究。教条是病毒传播通过呼吸道飞沫或接触途径发生。然而,这可能不是全部真相,因为我们描述的情况是飞沫和/或直接接触不能单独解释所有患者是如何被感染的。考虑了空气传播的生理学方面,因为除了颗粒大小和呼吸频率之外,还有几个参数在起作用。这些是臭氧浓度、环境温度和湿度。在医院环境中,这些因素不一定都是可控的,感染防控成为挑战。教条是病毒传播通过呼吸道飞沫或接触途径发生。然而,这可能不是全部真相,因为我们描述的情况是飞沫和/或直接接触不能单独解释所有患者是如何被感染的。考虑了空气传播的生理学方面,因为除了颗粒大小和呼吸频率之外,还有几个参数在起作用。这些是臭氧浓度、环境温度和湿度。在医院环境中,这些因素不一定都是可控的,感染防控成为挑战。教条是病毒传播通过呼吸道飞沫或接触途径发生。然而,这可能不是全部真相,因为我们描述的情况是飞沫和/或直接接触不能单独解释所有患者是如何被感染的。考虑了空气传播的生理学方面,因为除了颗粒大小和呼吸频率之外,还有几个参数在起作用。这些是臭氧浓度、环境温度和湿度。在医院环境中,这些因素不一定都是可控的,感染防控成为挑战。考虑了空气传播的生理学方面,因为除了颗粒大小和呼吸频率之外,还有几个参数在起作用。这些是臭氧浓度、环境温度和湿度。在医院环境中,这些因素不一定都是可控的,感染防控成为挑战。考虑了空气传播的生理学方面,因为除了颗粒大小和呼吸频率之外,还有几个参数在起作用。这些是臭氧浓度、环境温度和湿度。在医院环境中,这些因素不一定都是可控的,感染防控成为挑战。
更新日期:2021-07-08
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