The intrauterine device (IUD) as a potential source of uro-gynecologic infection has raised concern for decades. While a causal link between IUD and pelvic inflammatory disease has been refuted, the relationship between IUDs and urinary tract infections (UTIs) remains incompletely understood.

中文翻译：

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宫内节育器作为尿路感染的暴露风险：范围审查

数十年来，宫内节育器 (IUD) 作为泌尿妇科感染的潜在来源引起了人们的关注。虽然 IUD 与盆腔炎之间的因果关系已被驳斥，但 IUD 与尿路感染 (UTI) 之间的关系仍不完全清楚。