We study the inequities in the distribution of Frobenius elements in Galois extensions of the rational numbers with Galois groups that are either dihedral $D_{2^n}$ or (generalized) quaternion ${ℍ}_{2^n}$ of two-power order. In the spirit of recent work of Fiorilli and Jouve (2020), we study, under natural hypotheses, some families of such extensions, in a horizontal aspect, where the degree is fixed, and in a vertical aspect, where the degree goes to infinity. Our main contribution uncovers in families of extensions a phenomenon, for which Ng (2000) gave numerical evidence: real zeros of Artin $L$-functions sometimes have a radical influence on the distribution of Frobenius elements.

我们研究了有理数的伽罗瓦扩展中 Frobenius 元素分布的不公平性，伽罗瓦群要么是二面体 $D_{2^n}$ 或（广义）四元数 ${ℍ}_{2^n}$两个幂阶。本着 Fiorilli 和 Jouve (2020) 最近工作的精神，我们在自然假设下研究了一些此类扩展的家族，在水平方面，度数是固定的，在垂直方面，度数达到无穷大. 我们的主要贡献在扩展族中揭示了一种现象，Ng (2000) 对此给出了数值证据：Artin 的实零$升$函数有时会对 Frobenius 元素的分布产生根本性的影响。