ABSTRACT

Preeclampsia (PE) presents a major obstetrical problem for mother and fetus which is characterized by the onset of hypertension and proteinuria in formerly normotensive women. Altered folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism is one of the factors for PE development either due to nutritional insufficiencies such as folate deficiency or polymorphisms in genes that code for the key enzymes of the cycle. Commonly, there are four genes in the cycle whose polymorphisms have been described in relation to PE. These factors could cause elevation of homocysteine; the toxic metabolite, which subsequently leads to the development of PE. Sufficient levels of folate have been considered important during pregnancy and may reduce the risk of development of PE. This review aims at discussing genetic polymorphisms and nutritional deficiencies as probable predisposing factors and suggests considering fetal genotypes, varied ethnicities, and interaction of various other factors involved to render better conclusiveness to the present studies.

摘要

先兆子痫 (PE) 是母亲和胎儿的主要产科问题，其特征是以前血压正常的女性会出现高血压和蛋白尿。由于叶酸缺乏等营养不足或编码周期关键酶的基因多态性，改变的叶酸介导的一碳代谢是 PE 发展的因素之一。通常，循环中有四个基因的多态性已被描述为与 PE 相关。这些因素可能导致同型半胱氨酸升高；有毒代谢物，随后导致 PE 的发展。足够水平的叶酸在怀孕期间被认为很重要，并且可能会降低发生 PE 的风险。