The Mandya district of Karnataka, India, houses a unique Jain settlement constructed about 1000 years ago. Recent excavations by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) indicate a high degree of engineering skills among the builders of this settlement. Adapting to heat-stresses in a region where the Monsoons often failed was and is still a matter of concern. Ingenious methods were adopted to modulate bioclimatic responses to maintain thermal comfort indices. The Aretippurians used composite building fabrics which modulated heat transfer to the interiors. Indeed, the thermal transmittances for these composite fabrics were low to moderate for both the temple complexes as well as the dormitories; these were 0.27 Wm⁻¹K⁻¹ and 0.23 Wm⁻¹K⁻¹, respectively. A site visit revealed that a unique and engineered micro-climate was also made to prevail on this hilltop settlement housing several hundred Jain settlers. A granite skirted reservoir was indeed the pièce-de-résistance promoting hydraulic air-conditioning for eight months of the year around the premises with copious winds blowing over a large and exposed rain-fed reservoir. This fanned chilled air across the open plan temples, courtyards, and lived-in areas. This paper explores bioclimatic responses for around 120 residents to the prevailing indoor settings modulated by an engineered microclimate. This was possible because of the staggered layout, unique building forms, use of mixed building fabric, and carefully chosen glazing ratios which yielded salubrious settings. Clearly, this entailed a complex interplay between the intercepted solar insolation, structure-driven turbulence, and the transfer of heat across the original composite walls within and around the complex, requiring a systematic experimental as well as modelling study. The experimental part of the project involved the calculation of the thermal transmittivity across the walls made up of fired bricks, granite, and limestone, and the theoretical part involved the use of appropriate software to reconstruct air flow and heat distribution across floors, walls, and ceilings to proxy the original flow pattern yielding the comfortable PMV (predicted mean vote) and PET (physiological equivalent temperature) values within these premises. This exercise may well lead to further explorations on indoor comfort adaptations in tropical settings with the use of many edifying vernacular idioms in ancient settlements which prevail even in modern layouts.

印度卡纳塔克邦的曼迪亚区拥有一个独特的耆那教聚居地，建于大约 1000 年前。印度考古调查局 (ASI) 最近的发掘表明，该定居点的建造者具有高度的工程技能。在季风经常失败的地区适应热应力过去和现在仍然是一个令人担忧的问题。采用巧妙的方法来调节生物气候响应以保持热舒适指数。所述Aretippurians使用的复合建筑织物，其调制的热传递到内部。事实上，这些复合织物的热传导率对于寺庙建筑群和宿舍都是低到中等的；这些是 0.27 Wm ^-1 K^-1和0.23 Wm ^-1 K ^-1分别。实地考察表明，这个山顶定居点也形成了一种独特的、精心设计的微气候，这里居住着数百名耆那教定居者。花岗岩裙边水库确实是抵抗力的一部分一年中有八个月在场地周围推广液压空调，大风吹过一个大的暴露在雨中的水库。这将冷空气吹过开放式寺庙、庭院和居住区。本文探讨了大约 120 名居民对受工程微气候调节的普遍室内环境的生物气候反应。这是可能的，因为交错的布局、独特的建筑形式、混合建筑结构的使用以及精心选择的玻璃比例，从而产生了有益的环境。显然，这需要截获的太阳日照、结构驱动的湍流以及穿过复合体内部和周围原始复合材料壁的热量传递之间复杂的相互作用，需要系统的实验和建模研究。该项目的实验部分涉及计算由烧制砖、花岗岩和石灰石组成的墙壁的热传导率，理论部分涉及使用适当的软件来重建地板、墙壁和墙壁之间的气流和热量分布。天花板来代表原始流动模式，在这些前提下产生舒适的 PMV（预测平均投票）和 PET（生理等效温度）值。这项练习很可能会导致进一步探索热带环境中的室内舒适度适应性，在古代定居点中使用许多具有启发性的白话成语，即使在现代布局中也很流行。理论部分涉及使用适当的软件重建地板、墙壁和天花板的气流和热量分布，以代表原始流动模式，在这些前提下产生舒适的 PMV（预测平均投票）和 PET（生理等效温度）值. 这项练习很可能会导致进一步探索热带环境中的室内舒适度适应性，在古代定居点中使用许多具有启发性的白话成语，即使在现代布局中也很流行。理论部分涉及使用适当的软件来重建地板、墙壁和天花板的气流和热量分布，以代表原始流动模式，在这些前提下产生舒适的 PMV（预测平均投票）和 PET（生理等效温度）值. 这项练习很可能会导致进一步探索热带环境中的室内舒适度适应性，在古代定居点中使用许多具有启发性的白话成语，即使在现代布局中也很流行。