ABSTRACT

A number of countries have established national climate funds to finance climate actions. This paper explores how these funds help to mainstream climate change and examines the barriers they encounter in the process. The analytical framework uses a process-based understanding of policy integration to examine how financial incentives are able to support climate mainstreaming. Methodologically, this paper examines the experience of the Bangladesh Climate Change Resilience Fund and Ethiopia's Climate Resilient Green Economy Facility. Policymakers, officials related to the funds, and other stakeholders were interviewed. This paper finds that national climate funds sought to achieve mainstreaming by engaging with sectoral ministries. Such engagement was expected to lead to changes in sectoral and system-wide policy goals and instruments. The three main approaches for sectoral engagement were: serving as implementing entities, participating in fund governance, and via in-house climate change units. The findings underscore how finance received by the funds shapes programming, how the lack of detailed plans limit the ability of policies to pull in the finance desired, and the inconsistent role played by climate change units. A disaggregated approach to climate mainstreaming allows us to identify where and how financial incentives can be useful.

摘要

许多国家已经建立了国家气候基金来资助气候行动。本文探讨了这些资金如何帮助将气候变化纳入主流，并研究了它们在此过程中遇到的障碍。该分析框架使用基于过程的政策整合理解来检验财政激励措施如何能够支持气候主流化。在方法论上，本文考察了孟加拉国气候变化适应基金和埃塞俄比亚气候适应绿色经济基金的经验。政策制定者、与基金相关的官员和其他利益相关者接受了采访。本文发现，国家气候基金试图通过与部门部委合作来实现主流化。预计这种参与将导致部门和全系统政策目标和工具的变化。部门参与的三种主要方法是：作为实施实体、参与基金治理以及通过内部气候变化部门。调查结果强调了基金收到的资金如何影响规划，缺乏详细计划如何限制政策吸引所需资金的能力，以及气候变化部门所扮演的角色不一致。气候主流化的分类方法使我们能够确定财政激励措施在何处以及如何发挥作用。以及气候变化部门所扮演的角色不一致。气候主流化的分类方法使我们能够确定财政激励措施在何处以及如何发挥作用。以及气候变化部门所扮演的角色不一致。气候主流化的分类方法使我们能够确定财政激励措施在何处以及如何发挥作用。