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Comparative evaluation of industrial hemp varieties: Field experiments and phytoremediation in Hawaii
Industrial Crops and Products ( IF 5.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-29 , DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2021.113683
Xu Wang , Qing X. Li , Melody Heidel , Zhichao Wu , Alan Yoshimoto , Gladys Leong , Dongjin Pan , Harry Ako

Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is a fast-growing and high biomass producing plant species with wide usage of its materials such as fiber, food, and fuel. There are many varieties containing low concentration of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). In the present study, it assessed the agricultural feasibility of three industrial hemp varieties with different water management and nitrogen fertilizer treatments, and determined the best ones to cultivate in Hawaii, then evaluated the effects of plant density on the yield and the potential phytoremediation for the herbicide atrazine. The field experiments indicated that it was difficult to grow the variety F75 in Hawaii with a final weight of 13 g and did not live for the full growth season. However, the subtropical fiber hemp variety CHG grew to height of about 190 cm and its weight varied from 150 g to 280 g between two planting densities (100 plants m−2 and 28 plants m−2, respectively). The subtropical seed hemp variety CHY was intermediate at a mean height and weight of about 130 cm and 130 g, respectively. Estimated crop yields were 19 tons acre-1 year-1 (dry weight) for CHG stalks that could be used for building construction and 16 tons acre-1 year-1 (dry weight) for leaves could be used as animal forage. Approximately, 1.7 tons of seeds could be harvested per acre per year from variety CHY. Little water consumption (10 mm week-1) was needed, which corresponds with drought resistance of CHG variety. Use of nitrogen fertilizer at a rate of 100 kg ha-1 did not improve growth of CHG variety more than the existing nitrogen levels in the soil. Phytoremediation potential of industrial hemp was also assessed by field pot studies, in which field soils were fortified with 0, 0.25 and 0.50 mg kg-1 of atrazine. The half-life (t1/2) of atrazine in hemp watered pots was 15 days, whereas t1/2 was approximately 50 and 28 days in the no plant non-watered pots and the no plant watered pots, respectively, suggesting the degradation of atrazine in soils showed a higher efficiency planted with hemp under water irrigation condition. The CHG plants accumulated atrazine from soils, and the enrichment factor in CHG was increased over the course of 28 days (from 0.22 %–0.31 % to 0.63 %–0.89 %), then decreased after 49 days (0.28 %–0.30 %). Overall, these findings revealed that industrial hemp plants were useful for phytoremediation of soils contaminated with atrazine.



中文翻译:

工业大麻品种的比较评价:夏威夷的田间试验和植物修复

工业大麻 ( Cannabis sativaL.) 是一种快速生长和高生物质产生的植物物种,其材料如纤维、食物和燃料的用途广泛。含有低浓度四氢大麻酚(THC)的品种很多。在本研究中,它评估了三种不同水管理和氮肥处理的工业大麻品种在农业上的可行性,并确定了在夏威夷种植的最佳品种,然后评估了植物密度对其产量和潜在植物修复的影响。除草剂阿特拉津。田间试验表明,F75 品种在夏威夷很难种植,终重 13 克,而且不能活到整个生长季节。然而,-2和 28 株植物 m -2,分别)。亚热带种子大麻品种 CHY 的平均高度和重量分别约为 130 厘米和 130 克。估计作物产量为 19 吨英亩-1 年-1 (干重) 的 CHG 茎可用于建筑施工和 16 吨英亩-1 年-1 (干重) 的叶子可用作动物饲料。每年每英亩可从品种 CHY 收获大约 1.7 吨种子。需要很少的水消耗(10 mm 周-1),这对应于 CHG 品种的抗旱性。以100 kg ha -1的比例使用氮肥没有比土壤中现有的氮水平更能促进 CHG 品种的生长。还通过田间盆栽研究评估了工业大麻的植物修复潜力,其中田间土壤强化了 0、0.25 和 0.50 mg kg -1莠去津。阿特拉津在大麻浇水盆中的半衰期 (t 1/2 ) 为 15 天,而 t 1/2在无植物未浇水盆和无植物浇水盆中,降解时间分别约为 50 天和 28 天,表明在水灌溉条件下种植大麻的土壤中莠去津的降解效率更高。CHG 植物从土壤中积累莠去津,CHG 中的富集因子在 28 天的过程中增加(从 0.22 %–0.31 % 到 0.63 %–0.89 %),然后在 49 天后下降(0.28 %–0.30 %)。总体而言,这些发现表明,工业大麻植物可用于对受莠去津污染的土壤进行植物修复。

更新日期:2021-05-30
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