The use of straw to prepare bio-based composite materials is of great significance to achieve sustainable development. Since the efficient utilization of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) straw is facing severe challenges and needs to be addressed, wheat straw fibers (WSF) were used to make value-added transparent composites for light-transmitting building applications in this study. The transparent composites using wheat straw (TCWS) were successfully prepared by impregnating pre-polymerized methyl methacrylate (MMA) to WSF. The microscopic morphology analysis showed that WSF had a good binding performance with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), so the bio-based composites had high light transmittance and mechanical properties. The TCWS with a thickness of 3 mm and 30 wt% WSF had the light transmittance of 74.63 %, haze of 54.87 %, tensile strength of 58.19 MPa and impact strength of 4.26 kJ/m². Thermal property test of TCWS showed that the heat conductivity of TCWS was 0.07 Wm⁻¹k⁻¹, displaying excellent thermal insulation performance. TCWS also exhibited excellent thermal dimensional stability and UV resistance. Therefore, TCWS has potential application prospects in the field of transparent buildings. The novelties of this study are to convert the low-cost agriculture residues into high-valued transparent composites with improved thermal insulation properties for light-transmitting building applications, compared with wood fiber transparent composites.

利用秸秆制备生物基复合材料对实现可持续发展具有重要意义。由于小麦的高效利用（Triticum aestivumL.) 秸秆正面临严峻挑战并需要解决，本研究中使用小麦秸秆纤维 (WSF) 制造用于透光建筑应用的增值透明复合材料。通过将预聚合的甲基丙烯酸甲酯 (MMA) 浸渍到 WSF 中，成功制备了使用麦秆 (TCWS) 的透明复合材料。微观形貌分析表明，WSF与聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）具有良好的结合性能，因此该生物基复合材料具有较高的透光率和机械性能。厚度为 3 mm 和 WSF 含量为 30 wt% 的 TCWS 的透光率为 74.63%，雾度为 54.87%，拉伸强度为 58.19 MPa，冲击强度为 4.26 kJ/m ²。TCWS的热性能测试表明，TCWS的热导率为0.07 Wm^-1 k ^-1，表现出优异的隔热性能。TCWS 还表现出优异的热尺寸稳定性和抗紫外线性能。因此，TCWS在透明建筑领域具有潜在的应用前景。与木纤维透明复合材料相比，本研究的新颖之处在于将低成本农业残留物转化为高价值透明复合材料，具有更高的隔热性能，用于透光建筑应用。