Innovative supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO₂) treatment conditions in fluidised media technology were examined for polyester dyeing. The different dyeing processes in scCO₂ media were carried out under a constant dyeing temperature of 120°C (at pressures ranging from 9 to 29 MPa), a constant pressure of 25 MPa (at dyeing temperatures ranging from 40 to 140°C) and a constant density range of 500-550 kg/m³ (at combinations of dyeing temperatures ranging from 80 to 130°C and dyeing pressures ranging from 18 to 28 MPa). The constant dyeing temperature, constant dyeing pressure and constant density (120°C, 25 MPa, 500-550 kg/m³, respectively) were selected according to the best results in the literature and recommendations from industrial applications for polyester dyeing in scCO₂ media. The different conditions of the studied parameters and their influence are discussed. Colour difference (ΔE) and colour strength (K/S), as well as washing fastness and bursting strength properties, were investigated and compared. Acceptable colour properties (similar to those for standard [control reference] fabric: dyed in scCO₂ media at 120°C, 25 MPa pressure and 506 kg/m³ density for 90 minutes) on polyester fabric, with commercially acceptable and quite high washing fastness levels and comparable bursting strength values (similar to those for standard fabric without significant or drastic strength loss), could be achieved with the following scCO₂ dyeing processes: at a lower dyeing pressure with the same dyeing temperature (in scCO₂ media at 120°C, 21 MPa pressure and 423 kg/m³ density for 90 minutes), at a lower dyeing temperature with the same dyeing pressure (in scCO₂ media at 100°C, 25 MPa pressure and 588 kg/m³ density for 90 minutes) and at both a lower dyeing pressure and a lower dyeing temperature with a constant density range of 500-550 kg/m³ (in scCO₂ media at 110°C, 24 MPa pressure and 526 kg/m³ density for 90 minutes). Satisfactory and successful dyeing properties and performance similar to polyester fibre dyed under standard scCO₂ dyeing conditions with less energy consumption could be achieved with the correct scCO₂ dyeing process parameter optimisation. For instance, the dyeing process in the scCO₂ environment at the same dyeing temperature with the standard scCO₂ dyeing process (at 120°C), but with a lower dyeing pressure (at 21 vs 25 MPa), resulted in a 17 kWh decrease in energy consumption. In conclusion, it is very important to choose the correct dyeing pressure to obtain level dyeing in the polyester dyeing process carried out in a scCO₂ environment and to achieve a reduction in energy consumption during dyeing in a scCO₂ medium.

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超临界二氧化碳介质中涤纶染色工艺参数的研究

针对聚酯染色，研究了流化介质技术中创新的超临界二氧化碳 (scCO ₂ ) 处理条件。在 scCO ₂介质中的不同染色过程在120°C 的恒定染色温度（在 9 至 29 MPa 的压力范围内）、25 MPa 的恒定压力（在 40 至 140°C 的染色温度范围内）和500-550 kg/m ³的恒定密度范围（在 80 至 130°C 的染色温度和 18 至 28 MPa 的染色压力的组合下）。恒定染色温度、恒定染色压力和恒定密度（120°C，25 MPa，500-550 kg/m ³分别) 是根据文献中的最佳结果和在 scCO ₂介质中聚酯染色的工业应用的建议选择的。讨论了研究参数的不同条件及其影响。研究和比较了色差(Δ E ) 和色强度 ( K / S )，以及耐洗牢度和耐破度性能。可接受的颜色特性（类似于标准 [对照参考] 织物的颜色特性：在 scCO ₂介质中在 120°C、25 MPa 压力和 506 kg/m ³下染色密度 90 分钟）在聚酯织物上，具有商业上可接受的和相当高的耐洗牢度水平和可比的爆破强度值（类似于标准织物的那些值，没有显着或剧烈的强度损失），可以通过以下 scCO ₂染色工艺实现：较低的染色压力和相同的染色温度（在 scCO ₂介质中，120°C，21 MPa 压力和 423 kg/m ³密度，90 分钟），在较低的染色温度下，相同的染色压力（在 scCO ₂介质中100°C、25 MPa 压力和 588 kg/m ³密度 90 分钟）并且在较低的染色压力和较低的染色温度下以 500-550 kg/m ³的恒定密度范围（在 scCO ₂介质中，在 110°C、24 MPa 压力和 526 kg/m ³密度下持续 90 分钟）。通过正确的 scCO ₂染色工艺参数优化，可以实现令人满意且成功的染色性能和性能，类似于在标准 scCO ₂染色条件下染色的聚酯纤维，能耗更低。例如，在与标准 scCO ₂相同染色温度的 scCO ₂环境中的染色过程染色过程（120°C），但染色压力较低（21 对 25 MPa），导致能耗降低 17 kWh。总之，在scCO ₂环境中进行的涤纶染色过程中，选择正确的染色压力以获得匀染并在scCO ₂介质中降低染色过程中的能耗是非常重要的。