Introduction In utero Zika virus (ZIKV) exposure has been related to a group of congenital structural abnormalities called the congenital Zika syndrome, which also has been related to neurodevelopment alterations even in normocephalic children. Physical growth has been less explored, and delayed growth and malnutrition have been reported. Objective The objective of this study is to describe the growth and neurodevelopment features of normocephalic infants born from a cohort of mothers with RT-PCR confirmed ZIKV during pregnancy in Risaralda, Colombia. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort, including normocephalic children born from mothers with RT-PCR confirmed ZIKV infection during pregnancy in Risaralda, Colombia. Physical growth was measured using WHO standards, and neurodevelopment was measured with the abbreviated neurodevelopment scale 2 validated for Colombia. Results After verifying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 16 children were followed during a median time of 28 months (IQR 23–31 months); for a total of 116 visits, 87.5% (n = 14) of the patients developed a growth alteration. Five presented post-natal microcephaly, and among them, four presented malnutrition or low height. Six patients developed macrocephaly. Patients with a normal head circumference had normal neurodevelopment. Only one patient with microcephaly persisted with impairment of the neurodevelopment at the end of follow-up. All the patients with macrocephaly had normal neurodevelopment. Discussion Our study suggests that growth could be altered in infants with in utero Zika exposure. We found a high proportion of patients with overgrowth and macrocephaly. Future studies should consider endocrine follow-up of children born with in utero Zika exposure to explore these findings’ possible aetiologies. Conclusion We found a high proportion of growth alterations, particularly with overgrowth features and macrocephaly. Our study suggests that in addition to neurodevelopment impairment, growth could be altered in infants and children with in utero Zika exposure, even in those patients born without CZS.

中文翻译：

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怀孕期间感染寨卡病毒的母亲对一组儿童进行 3.5 年随访后的身体生长和神经发育——ZIKERNCOL 研究的第三份报告

介绍 子宫内寨卡病毒 (ZIKV) 暴露与一组称为先天性寨卡综合征的先天性结构异常有关，即使在正常头颅儿童中也与神经发育改变有关。对身体生长的探索较少，据报道生长延迟和营养不良。目的 本研究的目的是描述哥伦比亚 Risaralda 的一组母亲在怀孕期间经 RT-PCR 确认 ZIKV 所生的正常头颅婴儿的生长和神经发育特征。方法 我们进行了一项回顾性队列研究，包括在哥伦比亚 Risaralda 的母亲通过 RT-PCR 确认怀孕期间感染 ZIKV 所生的正常头颅儿童。身体生长是使用​​世界卫生组织标准测量的，神经发育是用为哥伦比亚验证的简化的神经发育量表 2 测量的。结果 验证纳入和排除标准后，16 名儿童在中位时间 28 个月（IQR 23-31 个月）内被随访；在总共 116 次就诊中，87.5% (n = 14) 的患者出现了生长变化。5人出现产后小头畸形，其中4人出现营养不良或身高偏低。六名患者出现大头畸形。头围正常的患者神经发育正常。只有一名小头畸形患者在随访结束时仍然存在神经发育障碍。所有大头畸形患者的神经发育均正常。讨论 我们的研究表明，子宫内暴露于寨卡病毒的婴儿的生长可能会发生改变。我们发现高比例的过度生长和大头畸形患者。未来的研究应考虑对子宫内感染寨卡病毒的儿童进行内分泌随访，以探索这些发现的可能病因。结论 我们发现高比例的生长改变，尤其是过度生长特征和大头畸形。我们的研究表明，除了神经发育障碍外，子宫内暴露于寨卡病毒的婴儿和儿童的生长可能会改变，即使是那些出生时没有 CZS 的患者也是如此。