Sensory modulation difficulties are common in children with conditions such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and could contribute to other social and non-social symptoms. Positing a causal role for sensory processing differences requires observing atypical sensory reactivity prior to the emergence of other symptoms, which can be achieved through prospective studies. In this longitudinal study, we examined auditory repetition suppression and change detection at 5 and 10 months in infants with and without Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1), a condition associated with higher likelihood of developing ASD. In typically developing infants, suppression to vowel repetition and enhanced responses to vowel/pitch change decreased with age over posterior regions, becoming more frontally specific; age-related change was diminished in the NF1 group. Whilst both groups detected changes in vowel and pitch, the NF1 group were largely slower to show a differentiated neural response. Auditory responses did not relate to later language, but were related to later ASD traits. These findings represent the first demonstration of atypical brain responses to sounds in infants with NF1 and suggest they may relate to the likelihood of later ASD.

中文翻译：

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患有 I 型神经纤维瘤病的婴儿听觉处理的早期差异与自闭症谱系障碍特征有关


感觉调节困难在患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 等疾病的儿童中很常见，并可能导致其他社交和非社交症状。确定感觉处理差异的因果作用需要在其他症状出现之前观察非典型的感觉反应，这可以通过前瞻性研究来实现。在这项纵向研究中，我们检查了患有或不患有 1 型神经纤维瘤病 (NF1) 的婴儿在 5 个月和 10 个月时的听觉重复抑制和变化检测，NF1 是一种与患自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的可能性较高相关的疾病。在典型发育的婴儿中，对元音重复的抑制和对元音/音调变化的增强反应随着年龄的增长而减少，而后部区域变得更加具体； NF1 组中与年龄相关的变化减少。虽然两组都检测到了元音和音高的变化，但 NF1 组表现出差异化的神经反应的速度要慢得多。听觉反应与后来的语言无关，但与后来的自闭症谱系障碍特征有关。这些发现首次证明了患有 NF1 的婴儿大脑对声音的非典型反应，并表明它们可能与以后患自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的可能性有关。