Several studies have assessed the Quality of Life (QoL) in Deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) children and adolescents. The findings from these studies, however, vary from DHH children reporting lower QoL than their typically hearing (TH) peers to similar QoL and even higher QoL. These differences have been attributed to contextual and individual factors such as degree of access to communication, the participants’ age as well as measurement error. Using written instead of sign language measures has been shown to underestimate mental health symptoms in DHH children and adolescents. It is expected that translating generic QoL measures into sign language will help gain more accurate reports from DHH children and adolescents, thus eliminating one of the sources for the observed differences in research conclusions. Hence, the aim of the current study is to translate the Inventory of Life Quality in Children and Adolescents into Norwegian Sign Language (ILC-NSL) and to evaluate the psychometric properties of the self-report of the ILC-NSL and the written Norwegian version (ILC-NOR) for DHH children and adolescents. The parent report was included for comparison. Associations between child self-report and parent-report are also provided. Fifty-six DHH children completed the ILC-NSL and ILC-NOR in randomized order while their parents completed the parent-report of the ILC-NOR and a questionnaire on hearing- and language-related information. Internal consistency was examined using Dillon-Goldstein’s rho and Cronbach’s alpha, ILC-NSL and ILC-NOR were compared using intraclass correlation coefficients. Construct validity was examined by partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Regarding reliability, the internal consistency was established as acceptable to good, whereas the comparison of the ILC-NSL with the ILC-NOR demonstrated closer correspondence for the adolescent version of the ILC than for the child version. The construct validity, as evaluated by PLS-SEM, resulted in an acceptable fit for the proposed one-factor model for both language versions for adolescents as well as the complete sample. The reliability and validity of the ILC-NSL seem promising, especially for the adolescent version, even though the validation was based on a small sample of DHH children and adolescents.

中文翻译：

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挪威手语儿童和青少年生活质量量表的心理测量特性

多项研究评估了失聪和听力障碍 (DHH) 儿童和青少年的生活质量 (QoL)。然而，这些研究的结果从 DHH 儿童报告的 QoL 低于他们通常听力 (TH) 同龄人到相似的 QoL 甚至更高的 QoL。这些差异归因于上下文和个人因素，例如沟通的程度、参与者的年龄以及测量误差。使用书面而非手语测量已被证明会低估 DHH 儿童和青少年的心理健康症状。预计将通用 QoL 措施翻译成手语将有助于从 DHH 儿童和青少年那里获得更准确的报告，从而消除观察到的研究结论差异的来源之一。因此，本研究的目的是将儿童和青少年生活质量量表翻译成挪威手语 (ILC-NSL)，并评估 ILC-NSL 的自我报告和书面挪威语版本 (ILC) 的心理测量特性。 -NOR) 适用于 DHH 儿童和青少年。上级报告已包括在内以进行比较。还提供了儿童自我报告和家长报告之间的关联。56 名 DHH 儿童以随机顺序完成了 ILC-NSL 和 ILC-NOR，而他们的父母则完成了 ILC-NOR 的家长报告以及关于听力和语言相关信息的问卷。使用 Dillon-Goldstein's rho 和 Cronbach's alpha 检查内部一致性，使用类内相关系数比较 ILC-NSL 和 ILC-NOR。通过偏最小二乘结构方程模型（PLS-SEM）检查结构有效性。关于可靠性，内部一致性被确定为可接受至良好，而 ILC-NSL 与 ILC-NOR 的比较表明，ILC 的青少年版本比儿童版本的对应关系更紧密。由 PLS-SEM 评估的结构效度使得所提议的单因素模型适合青少年的两种语言版本以及完整样本。ILC-NSL 的可靠性和有效性似乎很有希望，尤其是对于青少年版本，即使验证是基于 DHH 儿童和青少年的小样本。而 ILC-NSL 与 ILC-NOR 的比较表明，ILC 的青少年版本比儿童版本更紧密。由 PLS-SEM 评估的结构效度使得所提议的单因素模型适合青少年的两种语言版本以及完整样本。ILC-NSL 的可靠性和有效性似乎很有希望，尤其是对于青少年版本，即使验证是基于 DHH 儿童和青少年的小样本。而ILC-NSL与ILC-NOR的比较表明，青春期版本的ILC比儿童版本的ILC-NSL更贴近。由 PLS-SEM 评估的结构效度使得所提议的单因素模型适合青少年的两种语言版本以及完整样本。ILC-NSL 的可靠性和有效性似乎很有希望，尤其是对于青少年版本，即使验证是基于 DHH 儿童和青少年的小样本。