This study investigated the performance and external pressure–supporting capacities of egg-shaped shells fabricated through free hydroforming. Nine preforms (length: 256 mm; width: 178 mm) were fabricated from thin-walled stainless plates (nominal thickness: 0.86 mm), eight of which were internally bulged into egg-shaped shells at various hydroforming pressure levels. Their geometric properties were optically and ultrasonically measured before and after hydroforming. Subsequently, all samples were hydrostatically destroyed through pressurization to evaluate their ultimate strength and destruction modes. Internal hydroforming and external pressurization were numerically (nonlinear) assessed. The experimental and numerical observations were consistent. The shells exhibited adequate external pressure–supporting capacities.

本研究调查了通过自由液压成型制造的蛋形壳的性能和外部压力支撑能力。九个预制件（长度：256 毫米；宽度：178 毫米）由薄壁不锈钢板（标称厚度：0.86 毫米）制成，其中八个在不同的液压成型压力水平下从内部膨胀成蛋形壳。它们的几何特性在液压成型之前和之后进行了光学和超声波测量。随后，通过加压对所有样品进行流体静力破坏，以评估其极限强度和破坏模式。对内部液压成形和外部加压进行数值（非线性）评估。实验和数值观察是一致的。壳表现出足够的外部压力支撑能力。