Astrocyte- and tanycyte-like neural stem cells (NSCs) were recently detected in the area postrema (AP) and central canal (CC) of the adult medulla oblongata, respectively. The present study aimed to examine dynamical behaviors of the astrocyte- and tanycyte-like NSCs of the mouse medulla oblongata to leptin. The neurosphere assay identified astrocytes in the AP and tanycytes in the CC as NSCs based on their self-renewing neurospherogenic potential. Both NSCs in neurosphere cultures were multipotent cells that generate astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and neurons. Astrocyte-like NSCs actively proliferated and tanycyte-like NSCs were quiescent under physiologically-relevant in vivo conditions. Chronic leptin treatment promoted proliferation of astrocyte-like NSCs in the AP both in vitro and in vivo. Leptin receptors were expressed in astrocyte-like, but not tanycyte-like NSCs. Food deprivation significantly diminished proliferation of astrocyte-like NSCs. Therefore, the present study indicates that proliferation of astrocyte-like, but not tanycyte-like NSCs is regulated by nutritional conditions.

最近分别在成人延髓的后区 (AP) 和中央管 (CC) 中检测到星形胶质细胞和 tanycyte 样神经干细胞 (NSCs)。本研究旨在检查小鼠延髓的星形胶质细胞和 tanycyte 样神经干细胞对瘦素的动态行为。神经球测定根据其自我更新的成球能力将 AP 中的星形胶质细胞和 CC 中的 tanycytes 鉴定为 NSC。神经球培养物中的两种神经干细胞都是多能细胞，可产生星形胶质细胞、少突胶质细胞和神经元。在生理相关的体内条件下，星形胶质细胞样 NSCs 积极增殖，而 tanycyte 样 NSCs 处于静止状态。慢性瘦素治疗促进体外AP中星形胶质细胞样NSCs的增殖和体内。瘦素受体在星形胶质细胞样 NSC 中表达，但不在 tanycyte 样 NSC 中表达。食物剥夺显着减少了星形胶质细胞样神经干细胞的增殖。因此，本研究表明星形胶质细胞样神经干细胞的增殖受营养条件的调节，但不是长柄细胞样神经干细胞的增殖。