The key regulator of the polyamine biosynthetic pathway is ornithine decarboxylase (ODC). ODC is activated by antizyme inhibitor 1 (AZIN1) and 2 (AZIN2). AZIN1 and recently AZIN2 have been related to cancer; however, their functions in adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) have not been studied. We performed immunohistochemical study on minor salivary and mucous gland ACC tissue samples of patients treated at the Helsinki University Hospital (Helsinki, Finland) during 1974–2012. We scored AZIN1 and 2 immunoexpression in 42 and 45 tumor tissue samples, respectively, and correlated them with clinicopathological factors and survival. Enhanced AZIN2 expression was associated with better survival. In addition, both AZINs were seen more commonly in cribriform and tubular than in solid growth patterns. AZIN1 expression did not correlate with the studied clinicopathological factors. It seems that AZIN2 expression is higher in cancer tissue with secretory functions. In ACC tissue, high AZIN2 expression could be related to well-differentiated histological type which still has a functioning vesicle transportation system. Thus, AZIN2 could be a prognostic factor for better survival of ACC patients.

中文翻译：

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抗酶抑制剂 2 (AZIN2) 与头颈部小唾液腺腺样囊性癌更好的预后相关

多胺生物合成途径的关键调节剂是鸟氨酸脱羧酶 (ODC)。ODC 被抗酶抑制剂 1 (AZIN1) 和 2 (AZIN2) 激活。AZIN1 和最近的 AZIN2 与癌症有关；然而，尚未研究它们在腺样囊性癌 (ACC) 中的功能。我们对 1974-2012 年在赫尔辛基大学医院（芬兰赫尔辛基）接受治疗的患者的小唾液腺和粘液腺 ACC 组织样本进行了免疫组织化学研究。我们分别对 42 和 45 个肿瘤组织样本中的 AZIN1 和 2 免疫表达进行了评分，并将它们与临床病理因素和存活率相关联。增强的 AZIN2 表达与更好的存活率相关。此外，与实体生长模式相比，两种 AZIN 在筛状和管状中更常见。AZIN1 表达与研究的临床病理因素无关。似乎AZIN2在具有分泌功能的癌组织中表达更高。在 ACC 组织中，高 AZIN2 表达可能与仍然具有功能性囊泡运输系统的分化良好的组织学类型有关。因此，AZIN2 可能是 ACC 患者更好生存的预后因素。