Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) has been a widely used technique for elemental composition determination. However, it is difficult to be used for characterization of materials with the identical or similar elemental compositions, such as sp²-hybridization materials. In addition, reflection electron energy loss spectroscopy (REELS) also shows a high degree of spectrum similarity for allotropic materials. We found that, comparing with the AES signals, the secondary electron spectroscopy (SES) signals generated as a byproduct in the measured full direct AES spectrum hold the potential for the identification of allotropic materials. This is because the SES signals are material dependent and are strongly influenced by the density of unoccupied states of the materials. Here, we present a study of the SES spectra for three sp²- hybridization carbon materials, i.e. the highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, carbon fiber and carbon glass, with typically different long-range orders. The results indicate that SES is applicable to the structural characterization of allotropic materials.

俄歇电子能谱 (AES) 是一种广泛使用的元素组成测定技术。但难以用于表征元素组成相同或相似的材料，如sp ²- 杂交材料。此外，反射电子能量损失谱 (REELS) 也显示出同素异形材料的高度光谱相似性。我们发现，与 AES 信号相比，在测量的完整直接 AES 光谱中作为副产品产生的二次电子能谱 (SES) 信号具有识别同素异形材料的潜力。这是因为 SES 信号取决于材料，并且受到材料未占据状态密度的强烈影响。在这里，我们对三个sp ²的 SES 光谱进行了研究- 杂化碳材料，即高度取向的热解石墨、碳纤维和碳玻璃，通常具有不同的长程顺序。结果表明SES适用于同素异形材料的结构表征。