Aim

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of cognitive impairment with sleep quality, depression, and cardiometabolic risk factors among participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods

Subjects underwent clinical interview to capture socio-demographic details, medical history, sleep quality, presence of depression, along with anthropometric and biochemical measurements. A detailed neuropsychological assessment [Montreal cognitive assessment scale (MoCA), Trail making A and B, Digit span, Spatial span, Letter Number Sequencing] was done. Cognitive impairment was defined as MoCA score of <23.

Results

Participants (n = 250, 50% women, 63.6% middle-age) had a mean (±SD) age of 53.6 (±9.1) years and HbA1c of 55.1 ± 6.8 mmol/mol (7.2 ± 0.6%). Cognitive impairment was present in 57 (22.8%) participants. In the middle-age subgroup, cognitive impairment was higher (23.9%) than those in the fourth decade (6.3%), but comparable (24.0%) to the older age (60–70 years) individuals. Diabetes-related vascular complications [Odds ratio (95% CI) 2.03 (1.05, 3.94)]; hypertension [2.00 (1.04, 3.84)], depression [2.37 (1.24, 4.55)] and lower education [2.73 (1.42, 5.23)] had a significant association with cognitive impairment on multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Conclusion

The high burden of cognitive impairment calls for an urgent need to establish longitudinal cohorts in midlife to understand this population's cognitive trajectories and see the influence of various bio-psychosocial variables.

中文翻译：

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2型糖尿病患者认知障碍与睡眠质量、抑郁和心脏代谢危险因素的关系：一项横断面研究

目标

本研究的目的是评估 2 型糖尿病参与者的认知障碍与睡眠质量、抑郁和心脏代谢危险因素之间的关系。

方法

受试者接受了临床访谈，以获取社会人口学细节、病史、睡眠质量、抑郁症的存在，以及人体测量和生化测量。进行了详细的神经心理学评估[蒙特利尔认知评估量表 (MoCA)、轨迹制作 A 和 B、数字跨度、空间跨度、字母数字排序]。认知障碍定义为 MoCA 评分 <23。

结果

参与者（n  =  250，50% 女性，63.6% 中年）的平均 (±SD) 年龄为 53.6 (±9.1) 岁，HbA1c 为 55.1  ±  6.8  mmol/mol (7.2  ±  0.6%)。57 名 (22.8%) 参与者存在认知障碍。在中年亚组中，认知障碍（23.9%）高于 40 岁（6.3%），但与老年人（60-70 岁）相当（24.0%）。糖尿病相关血管并发症 [优势比 (95% CI) 2.03 (1.05, 3.94)]；在多元逻辑回归分析中，高血压 [2.00 (1.04, 3.84)]、抑郁症 [2.37 (1.24, 4.55)] 和教育程度低 [2.73 (1.42, 5.23)] 与认知障碍显着相关。

结论

认知障碍的高负担要求迫切需要在中年建立纵向队列，以了解这一人群的认知轨迹并了解各种生物心理社会变量的影响。