Objectives We validated a continuous cardiometabolic risk (CMR) measure among adolescents. Methods Five metabolic syndrome (MetS) components including waist circumference, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, and mean arterial pressure were assessed in a national cohort of U.S. adolescents (n=560; 16.5 ± 0.5 y/o at baseline) in 10th grade (2010, Wave 1 (W1)), and follow-up assessments four (W4) and seven (W7) years later. Separately by wave, linear regressions were fitted to each MetS component controlling for age, sex, and race/ethnicity, and yielded standardized residuals (Z-scores). Wave-specific component Z-scores were summed to obtain composite CMR Z-scores. Four- and seven-year CMR change (CMR-diff W1–W4 and W1–W7). and average CMR risk (CMR-avg; (W1 + W4)/2 and (W1 + W7)/2) were calculated using the CMR Z-scores. W7 MetS was determined using adult criteria. Student’s t-test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were conducted. Results Participants meeting the adult criteria for MetS at W7 (74 of 416, 17.8%) had statistically significant (p<0.01) higher values for W1 CMR Z-scores (0.92 vs. −0.21), W4 CMR Z-scores (1.69 vs. −0.28), W7 CMR Z-scores (2.21 vs. −0.55), W1–W4 CMR-avg (1.53 vs. −0.27), W1–W7 CMR-diff (1.29 vs. −0.21), and W1–W7 CMR-avg (1.46 vs. −0.48) than those not meeting MetS criteria. Most results were similar for males and females in the sex-stratified analyses. The areas under the ROC curve were 0.61, 0.71, and 0.75 for W1, W4 and W7 Z-scores. Conclusions Findings support the validity of the continuous CMR Z-scores calculated using linear regression in evaluating and monitoring CMR profiles from adolescence to early adulthood.

中文翻译：

---

验证青少年心脏代谢风险的连续测量

目标 我们验证了青少年的持续心脏代谢风险 (CMR) 测量。方法 在美国青少年全国队列（n = 560；基线时为 16.5 ± 0.5 年/年）中评估了五种代谢综合征 (MetS) 成分，包括腰围、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、空腹血糖和平均动脉压) 10 年级（2010 年，第 1 波 (W1)），并在四年 (W4) 和七 (W7) 年后进行后续评估。单独按波，线性回归拟合到控制年龄、性别和种族/民族的每个 MetS 组件，并产生标准化残差（Z 分数）。波特定分量 Z 分数相加以获得复合 CMR Z 分数。四年和七年 CMR 变化（CMR-diff W1-W4 和 W1-W7）。和平均 CMR 风险 (CMR-avg; (W1 + W4)/2 和 (W1 + W7)/2) 使用 CMR Z 分数计算。W7 MetS 是使用成人标准确定的。进行了学生 t 检验和受试者工作特征 (ROC) 曲线。结果 在第 7 周达到成人 MetS 标准的参与者（416 人中的 74 人，17.8%）在第 1 周 CMR Z 分数（0.92 对 -0.21）、第 4 周 CMR Z 分数（1.69 对. -0.28)、W7 CMR Z-scores (2.21 vs. -0.55)、W1–W4 CMR-avg (1.53 vs. -0.27)、W1–W7 CMR-diff (1.29 vs. -0.21) 和 W1–W7 CMR-avg (1.46 vs. -0.48) 比那些不符合 MetS 标准的。在按性别分层的分析中，大多数结果与男性和女性相似。W1、W4 和 W7 Z 分数的 ROC 曲线下面积分别为 0.61、0.71 和 0.75。