Purpose of Review

The aim of this review is to summarize the inactivation and removal technologies used for algal-bloom control and to serve the development of theories and technologies for algal bloom prevention and control in the future.

Recent Findings

The efficiency of inactivation and removal of algal blooms largely depends on the density of bloom-forming microalgae faced when the control measures are adopted. Locally enhanced electric field treatment technology has shown the most potential for low-density algal-bloom control, which could effectively inactivate algal cells with low energy consumption. Magnetic capture technology has outstanding advantages for the separation and capture of high-density algae blooms owing to its high efficiency, easy separation, and low cost.

Summary

This article reviews the physical, chemical, physicochemical, biological, and ecological methods of algal-bloom prevention and control. The key to effective prevention of algal blooms is to select the appropriate method based on the difference in microalgae density. For example, under low-density stages, if the inactivation of algae cells can be realized, the occurrence and development of high-density algal blooms may be prevented, and under high-density stages, if the capture of algae cells can be done effectively, the subsequent environmental hazards brought by algal blooms will be reduced or even eliminated. This paper will help in choosing appropriate methods of algal-bloom prevention and control based on the difference in microalgae density and providing suggestions for future research on algal-bloom control.

中文翻译：

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藻华控制的灭活和去除技术：进步和挑战

审查目的

本综述的目的是总结用于藻华控制的灭活和去除技术，并为未来藻华防治理论和技术的发展服务。

最近的发现

藻华灭活和去除效率在很大程度上取决于采取控制措施时所面临的形成水华的微藻的密度。局部增强的电场处理技术已显示出低密度藻类控制的最大潜力，该技术可以以低能耗有效地灭活藻类细胞。磁捕集技术具有高效、易分离、成本低等优点，在高密度藻华的分离和捕集方面具有突出优势。

概括

本文综述了藻华防治的物理、化学、理化、生物和生态方法。有效预防藻华的关键是根据微藻密度的差异选择合适的方法。例如，在低密度阶段，如果能够实现藻细胞的灭活，就可以防止高密度藻华的发生和发展；在高密度阶段，如果能够有效地捕获藻细胞，随后藻华带来的环境危害将减少甚至消除。本文将有助于根据微藻密度的差异选择合适的藻华防治方法，并为今后的藻华防治研究提供建议。