There is growing evidence of a range of theoretical and applied Indigenous climate change adaptation strategies, yet analyses of African examples are generally focused at single local spatial scales, with limited description of how they have evolved over time. Drawing from research across three districts in northern Ghana, this study employs a mixed-methods approach and an interpretivist framework to develop understanding of how farmers are implementing Indigenous adaptation strategies in response to climate change risks at both household and community scales. Farmers are perceiving multiple climate risks such as increased temperatures, erratic rainfall and prolonged droughts, which are disrupting cropping calendars and decreasing productivity. In response to those impacts, farming households are utilising Indigenous knowledge to individually implement diverse strategies such as rainwater harvesting, relocation of farms to water sources, neem leaf extract and organic manure applications, while communities are collectively engaging in congregational prayers, rituals for rainmaking, taboos, investment in local irrigation systems and tree planting. Farmers’ adaptation strategies are evolving over time, as many people are integrating Indigenous practices with modern knowledge and technologies to facilitate improvements in irrigation, organic manure application, planting drought-resistant crops, agroforestry and crop diversification. Decision-makers in local, regional and national government institutions could work to design multi-scalar adaptation interventions that support the integration of Indigenous and modern knowledge to address the complexity of climate change risks across different scales to promote sustainable livelihoods.

越来越多的证据表明一系列理论和应用土著气候变化适应战略，但对非洲例子的分析通常集中在单一的地方空间尺度上，对它们如何随时间演变的描述有限。本研究借鉴了加纳北部三个地区的研究，采用混合方法方法和解释主义框架来了解农民如何实施土著适应策略以应对家庭和社区规模的气候变化风险。农民正面临着多种气候风险，例如气温升高、降雨不稳定和长期干旱，这些风险正在扰乱作物日历并降低生产力。为应对这些影响，农户正在利用土著知识单独实施各种策略，例如雨水收集、将农场迁移到水源、印楝叶提取物和有机肥应用，而社区则集体参与集体祈祷、降雨仪式、禁忌、投资当地灌溉系统和植树。农民的适应战略随着时间的推移不断发展，因为许多人将土著做法与现代知识和技术相结合，以促进灌溉、有机肥施用、种植抗旱作物、农林业和作物多样化的改进。当地的决策者，