The agrifood products market has never before contained as many niches than it does at this moment in history. The use of geographical indication (GIs) is one of the oldest ways of granting protection for and promoting these goods. Although they date back thousands of years, only since the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) agreement has there been a common understanding in regard to their use. Although the GI system has the same structure globally, each region shows different performance. Therefore, the influence of institutions in this market is still an enigma to be explored. In this work, we sought to compare the performance of Mercosur and the European Union in relation to GI products and categories in this exchange arena by analyzing e-retail supermarkets. To do so, we collected data from 44 online supermarkets from both economic blocs and analyzed the relevant attributes of the products offered. Then, we compared both blocs through the use of graphics and economic sociology tools. We present novel results relating to differences in GI performance, discuss the reasons for such differences and examine the construction of the market. Our results show that the EU had significantly more products than Mercosur and had a wider variety of GI products on e-retail shelves. Moreover, in the EU, the advertised products originated mainly from within the economic bloc, whereas the majority of GI products advertised in Mercosur originated primarily from abroad. This difference indicates to dominance of the EU’ systems, demonstrating that its institutions are effective in terms of trade and commerce development mechanisms. However, in both blocs, a restricted number of categories and registers were found.

中文翻译：

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绘制在线地理标志：南方共同市场和欧盟电子商务货架上的农产品

历史上，农产品市场从未像现在这样包含如此多的利基市场。地理标志 (GI) 的使用是为这些商品提供保护和推广的最古老的方式之一。尽管它们可以追溯到数千年前，但只有在与贸易相关的知识产权 (TRIPS) 协议之后才对其使用达成了共识。尽管全球地理标志体系结构相同，但每个地区表现出不同的表现。因此，机构在这个市场的影响力仍然是一个有待探索的谜。在这项工作中，我们试图通过分析电子零售超市来比较南方共同市场和欧盟在这个交换领域中与地理标志产品和类别相关的表现。为此，我们收集了来自两个经济集团的 44 家在线超市的数据，并分析了所提供产品的相关属性。然后，我们通过使用图形和经济社会学工具比较了两个集团。我们提出了与 GI 性能差异相关的新结果，讨论了这种差异的原因并检查了市场的构建。我们的结果表明，欧盟拥有比南方共同市场更多的产品，并且在电子零售货架上拥有更多种类的地理标志产品。此外，在欧盟，宣传的产品主要来自经济集团内部，而在南方共同市场宣传的大部分地理标志产品主要来自国外。这种差异表明欧盟体系的主导地位，表明其机构在贸易和商业发展机制方面是有效的。