Background

Over the last decades aggressive interventions have been successful to improve nutritional outcomes in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). As a result, with improvement of life expectancy and new CFTR modulators, overweight and obesity are progressively becoming a source of concern for adult population and in developed countries.

Methods

This was a multicenter, observational, cross-sectional study of 321 adults with CF at three large CF centers in Italy. Patients were divided into three groups according to BMI classes, overweight and obesity (OW) group including patients with BMI ≥25 kg/m², normal weight (NW) group with BMI 18.6–24.9 kg/m² and underweight (UW) group with BMI ≤18.5 kg/m².

Results

We demonstrated that prevalence of OW in adults with CF in Italy is 22%. OW status is independently associated with male sex (OR 3.520, P = 0.001), pancreatic sufficiency (OR 2.873, P = 0.014) and older age at diagnosis (1.015, P = 0.042). BMI correlated with ppFEV1 (r = 0.337; P<0.0001) with median ppFEV1 significantly higher in patients with OW than comparisons. We also reported preliminary data on unfavorable cardiovascular risk factors in a subgroup of patients, where median blood levels [IQR] of cholesterol and systemic hypertension [%] were significantly higher in the OW group than in the NW and UW.

Conclusions

People with CF and OW is a relevant patient group that might deserve better definition and proper clinical management.

中文翻译：

---

患有囊性纤维化的成年人的超重和肥胖：一项意大利多中心队列研究

背景

在过去的几十年中，积极的干预措施成功地改善了囊性纤维化 (CF) 患者的营养状况。因此，随着预期寿命的提高和新的 CFTR 调节剂，超重和肥胖正逐渐成为成年人和发达国家关注的问题。

方法

这是一项多中心、观察性、横断面研究，对意大利三个大型 CF 中心的 321 名 CF 成人进行了研究。根据BMI等级将患者分为三组，超重和肥胖（OW）组包括BMI≥25 kg/m 2 的患者、^{BMI 18.6-24.9 kg/m 2的}正常体重（NW）组和体重不足（UW）组BMI≤18.5 kg/m ²。

结果

我们证明，意大利 CF 成人 OW 的患病率为 22%。OW 状态与男性（OR 3.520，P  = 0.001）、胰腺功能（OR 2.873，P  = 0.014）和诊断年龄较大（1.015，P  = 0.042）独立相关。BMI 与 ppFEV1 相关（r  = 0.337；P <0.0001），OW 患者的中位 ppFEV1 显着高于对照组。我们还报告了一个亚组患者的不利心血管危险因素的初步数据，其中 OW 组的胆固醇和全身性高血压 [%] 的中位血液水平 [IQR] 显着高于 NW 和 UW。

结论

CF 和 OW 患者是一个相关的患者群体，可能值得更好的定义和适当的临床管理。