The Isotope Separation On-Line (ISOL) technique is today established as one of the primary methods to produce high-intensity and high-quality radioactive beams. This technique produces, for a given amount of the desired isotope, many orders of magnitude of other radioactive species. Due to the activation generated by interactions of the primary beam, intense neutron fields, and deposition of the produced radioactive ions inside beam line elements, an ISOL facility in operation becomes an intense radioactive source. Therefore, the biological hazard imposes severe radiological safety challenges to the design, operation, maintenance, and final decommissioning of such facilities. A challenging component is the ion source complex, where the ion extraction electrode provides the extraction of radioactive ions from the ion source and the first acceleration to the extracted beam. The radioactive contamination of this sub-component is studied, by means of the FLUKA code, in the case of the Selective Production of Exotic Species facility, which is in the advanced construction phase at Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Padua, Italy. The developed model includes isotope production by the interactions of a 40 MeV energy proton beam on a ²³⁸UC_x target, selection of radioactive isotopes that are able to stick on the electrode tip, time evolution of the deposited isotopes during the operation and cooling periods before maintenance interventions, and evaluation of the ambient dose equivalent rate generated by the contamination of the electrode tip. Based on these results, the possibility of manual interventions for maintenance and emergency vs the use of remote handling systems is discussed.

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外来物种选择性生产 (SPES) 设施中离子源复合体的放射性污染研究

同位素在线分离 (ISOL) 技术如今已成为产生高强度和高质量放射性束的主要方法之一。对于给定数量的所需同位素，该技术会产生许多数量级的其他放射性物质。由于初级射束、强中子场以及所产生的放射性离子在射束线元件内的沉积所产生的活化作用，运行中的 ISOL 设施成为强放射源。因此，生物危害对此类设施的设计、运行、维护和最终退役提出了严峻的放射安全挑战。一个具有挑战性的组件是离子源复合体，其中离子提取电极提供从离子源中提取放射性离子和对提取束的第一加速。该子组件的放射性污染是通过 FLUKA 代码在外来物种选择性生产设施的情况下进行研究的，该设施在 Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Padua 处于高级建设阶段， 意大利。开发的模型包括通过 40 MeV 能量质子束在 意大利。开发的模型包括通过 40 MeV 能量质子束在 意大利。开发的模型包括通过 40 MeV 能量质子束在²³⁸ UC _x目标，选择能够粘附在电极尖端的放射性同位素，在维护干预之前的操作和冷却期间沉积同位素的时间演变，以及评估电极污染产生的环境剂量当量率小费。基于这些结果，讨论了手动干预维护和紧急情况与使用远程处理系统的可能性。