A holmium:yttrium aluminum garnet (Ho:YAG) laser is mainly used in medical surgeries such as tissue ablation and removal of urinary stones. In the present study, a 20 W solid-state 2.08 μm Ho:YAG laser was designed and implemented for lithotripsy applications. Effects of the temporal profile beam of the Ho:YAG laser on stone fragmentation were demonstrated. Moreover, the power supply driver of the xenon flashlamp was implemented with a distinctive trigger circuit at the start of the laser operation. The home-built power driver was customized to deliver a 0.2–3 ms rectangular pulse duration between 1 and 20 Hz frequencies. Laser pulse energies at 5 Hz in response to pumping energy were measured with 3.55% slope efficiency. Similarly, laser pulse energies at 10 Hz were recorded with a slope efficiency of 2.96%. Overall, 1.7% wall-plug (electrical to optical) efficiency was obtained at 5 and 10 Hz laser operations.

中文翻译：

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用于碎石术的钬：钇铝石榴石激光器的设计和构造

钬：钇铝石榴石（Ho：YAG）激光器主要用于组织消融和去除尿路结石等医疗手术。在本研究中，20 W 固态 2.08  μm Ho:YAG 激光器专为碎石术应用而设计和实施。证明了Ho：YAG激光的时间剖面光束对碎石的影响。此外，氙气闪光灯的电源驱动器在激光操作开始时采用了独特的触发电路。自制电源驱动器经过定制，可在 1 到 20 Hz 频率之间提供 0.2–3 ms 的矩形脉冲持续时间。响应泵浦能量的 5 Hz 激光脉冲能量以 3.55% 的斜率效率测量。类似地，以 2.96% 的斜率效率记录了 10 Hz 的激光脉冲能量。总体而言，在 5 和 10 Hz 激光操作下获得了 1.7% 的壁插（电到光）效率。