In 2011, after five decades of authoritarian rule, Myanmar accelerated its military-guided transition, culminating in partially democratic elections in 2015. While land reform was a central part of protest that led to governmental changes, unlawful land confiscation and forced evictions remain central obstacles to transition in Myanmar. The current government has failed to reform the legal framework, institutions, policy and practice violating Housing, Land and Property (HLP) rights. While civil society has called for participatory and accountable institutions, a perceived need to appease the military, to harness the economic power of ‘crony’ businesspeople and to attract foreign investment has left violations of HLP rights inadequately addressed. This article argues that transitional justice’s guarantees of non-reoccurrence are essential to the protection of HLP rights in Myanmar, and that the best method of preventing reoccurrence is through upholding the state duty to protect human rights by reforming laws and institutions.

中文翻译：

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缅甸的体制改革：防止公司土地权利滥用

2011 年，经过 5 年的独裁统治，缅甸加速了军事引导的过渡，最终在 2015 年举行了部分民主选举。虽然土地改革是导致政府更迭的抗议活动的核心部分，但非法没收土地和强制驱逐仍然是主要障碍在缅甸过渡。现任政府未能改革侵犯住房、土地和财产 (HLP) 权利的法律框架、机构、政策和做法。虽然民间社会呼吁建立参与性和负责任的机构，但人们认为需要安抚军方、利用“裙带”商人的经济力量和吸引外国投资，这使得侵犯 HLP 权利的行为没有得到充分解决。