Abundant and well-preserved fossil microbenthos occurs in siliciclastic deposits of all Earth ages, from the early Archean to today. Studies in modern settings show how microbenthos responds to sediment dynamics by baffling and trapping, binding, biostabilization, and growth. Results of this microbial-sediment interaction are microbially induced sedimentary structures (MISS). Successful prospection for rich MISS occurrences in the terrestrial lithological record requires unraveling genesis and taphonomy of MISS, both of which are defined only by a narrow range of specific conditions. These conditions have to coincide with high detectability which is a function of outcrop quality, bedding character, and rock type. Assertions on biogenicity of MISS morphologies must be based on the presence of microbially induced sedimentary textures (MIST), which are MISS-internal textures comprising replacement minerals arranged into microscopic biological morphologies, ancient carbonaceous matter, trace fossils, and geochemical signals. MISS serve as possible templates for the decryption of ancient life-processes on Mars. This article closes with a perspective on selected deposits and ancient environments in Meridiani Planum, Gale Crater, and Jezero Crater, Mars, regarding their potential for MISS occurrences. The earlier hypothesis of structures on Mars as potentially being MISS is revised.

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碎屑沉积物中微生物诱导的沉积结构：对火星化石生命勘探的启示

从太古代早期到今天，所有地球时代的硅质碎屑沉积物中都存在丰富且保存完好的微型底栖动物化石。现代环境中的研究表明底栖生物如何通过阻碍和捕获、结合、生物稳定和生长来响应沉积物动力学。这种微生物-沉积物相互作用的结果是微生物诱导的沉积结构（MISS）。成功地在陆地岩性记录中寻找丰富的 MISS 事件需要解开 MISS 的成因和埋藏学，这两者都只由一个狭窄范围的特定条件来定义。这些条件必须与高可探测性相一致，后者是露头质量、层理特征和岩石类型的函数。关于 MISS 形态生物成因的断言必须基于微生物诱导沉积结构 (MIST) 的存在，它们是 MISS 内部纹理，包括排列成微观生物形态的替代矿物、古代碳质物质、微量化石和地球化学信号。MISS 可作为解密火星上古代生命过程的可能模板。本文最后对子午线平原、盖尔陨石坑和火星杰泽罗陨石坑中选定的沉积物和古代环境进行了展望，以了解它们发生 MISS 的可能性。火星上的结构可能是 MISS 的早期假设被修改。本文最后以对子午线平原、盖尔陨石坑和火星杰泽罗陨石坑中选定的沉积物和古代环境的观点作为结束，关于它们发生 MISS 的可能性。火星上的结构可能是 MISS 的早期假设被修改。本文最后对子午线平原、盖尔陨石坑和火星杰泽罗陨石坑中选定的沉积物和古代环境进行了展望，以了解它们发生 MISS 的可能性。火星上的结构可能是 MISS 的早期假设被修改。