Infants' knowledge of social categories, including gender-typed characteristics, is a vital aspect of social cognitive development. In the current study, we examined 9- to 12-month-old infants' understanding of the categories “male” and “female” by testing for gender matching in voices or faces with biological motion depicted in point light displays (PLDs). Infants did not show voice–PLD gender matching spontaneously (Experiment 1) or after “training” with gender-matching voice–PLD pairs (Experiment 2). In Experiment 3, however, infants were trained with gender-matching face–PLD pairs and we found that patterns of visual attention to top regions of PLD stimuli during training predicted gender matching of female faces and PLDs. Prior to the end of the first postnatal year, therefore, infants may begin to identify gender in human walk motions, and perhaps form social categories from biological motion.

中文翻译：

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婴儿在生物运动显示中的性别识别

婴儿对社会类别的了解，包括性别类型特征，是社会认知发展的一个重要方面。在当前的研究中，我们通过测试声音或面部与点光源显示器 (PLD) 中描绘的生物运动的性别匹配来检查 9 至 12 个月大的婴儿对“男性”和“女性”类别的理解。婴儿没有自发地表现出语音-PLD 性别匹配（实验 1）或在用性别匹配语音-PLD 对“训练”后（实验 2）。然而，在实验 3 中，婴儿接受了性别匹配的面部 - PLD 对的训练，我们发现训练期间对 PLD 刺激顶部区域的视觉注意力模式预测了女性面部和 PLD 的性别匹配。因此，在产后第一年结束之前，