Contact dermatitis (CD) is among the most common inflammatory dermatological conditions and includes allergic CD, photoallergic CD, irritant CD, photoirritant CD (also called phototoxic CD) and protein CD. Occupational CD can be of any type and is the most prevalent occupational skin disease. Each CD type is characterized by different immunological mechanisms and/or requisite exposures. Clinical manifestations of CD vary widely and multiple subtypes may occur simultaneously. The diagnosis relies on clinical presentation, thorough exposure assessment and evaluation with techniques such as patch testing and skin-prick testing. Management is based on patient education, avoidance strategies of specific substances, and topical treatments; in severe or recalcitrant cases, which can negatively affect the quality of life of patients, systemic medications may be needed.

接触性皮炎 (CD) 是最常见的炎症性皮肤病，包括过敏性 CD、光过敏性 CD、刺激性 CD、光刺激性 CD（也称为光毒性 CD）和蛋白质 CD。职业性 CD 可以是任何类型，是最普遍的职业性皮肤病。每种 CD 类型的特征在于不同的免疫机制和/或必要的暴露。CD 的临床表现差异很大，可同时出现多种亚型。诊断依赖于临床表现、全面的暴露评估以及使用斑贴试验和皮肤点刺试验等技术进行的评估。管理基于患者教育、特定物质的避免策略和局部治疗；在严重或顽固的情况下，可能会对患者的生活质量产生负面影响，