Respiratory allergic disorders are a global public health problem that are responsible for substantial morbidity and healthcare expenditure. Despite the availability of allergen immunotherapy (AIT), its efficacy is suboptimal and regimens are lengthy, with a significant risk of potentially severe side effects. Studies on the recognition of allergens by immune cells through carbohydrate–lectin interactions, which play a crucial role in immune modulation and pathogenesis of allergy, have paved the way for improvements in AIT. We highlight innovative approaches for more effective and safer AIT, including the use of allergens conjugated to specific carbohydrates that bind to C-type lectins (CLRs) and sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-type lectins (Siglecs) on immune cells to induce suppressive responses.

呼吸道过敏性疾病是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，是造成大量发病率和医疗保健支出的原因。尽管过敏原免疫疗法 (AIT) 可用，但其疗效欠佳且疗程冗长，存在潜在严重副作用的显着风险。关于免疫细胞通过碳水化合物-凝集素相互作用识别过敏原的研究，在免疫调节和过敏发病机制中起关键作用，为改善 AIT 铺平了道路。我们强调了更有效和更安全的 AIT 的创新方法，包括使用与特定碳水化合物结合的过敏原，这些碳水化合物与免疫细胞上的 C 型凝集素 (CLR) 和唾液酸结合免疫球蛋白型凝集素 (Siglecs) 结合以诱导抑制反应。