Aim of the research

The literature on emotion recognition from facial expressions shows significant differences in recognition ability depending on the proposed stimulus. Indeed, affective information is not distributed uniformly in the face and recent studies showed the importance of the mouth and the eye regions for a correct recognition. However, previous studies used mainly facial expressions presented frontally and studies which used facial expressions in profile view used a between-subjects design or children faces as stimuli. The present research aims to investigate differences in emotion recognition between faces presented in frontal and in profile views by using a within subjects experimental design.

Method

The sample comprised 132 Italian university students (88 female, M_age = 24.27 years, SD = 5.89). Face stimuli displayed both frontally and in profile were selected from the KDEF set. Two emotion-specific recognition accuracy scores, viz., frontal and in profile, were computed from the average of correct responses for each emotional expression. In addition, viewing times and response times (RT) were registered.

Results

Frontally presented facial expressions of fear, anger, and sadness were significantly better recognized than facial expressions of the same emotions in profile while no differences were found in the recognition of the other emotions. Longer viewing times were also found when faces expressing fear and anger were presented in profile. In the present study, an impairment in recognition accuracy was observed only for those emotions which rely mostly on the eye regions.

中文翻译：

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轮廓中呈现的面部表情的情感识别

研究目的

关于面部表情情感识别的文献显示，根据所提出的刺激，识别能力存在显着差异。事实上，情感信息并没有均匀地分布在面部，最近的研究表明嘴巴和眼睛区域对于正确识别的重要性。然而，以往的研究主要使用正面呈现的面部表情，而在侧面视图中使用面部表情的研究使用了被试之间的设计或儿童面孔作为刺激。本研究旨在通过使用受试者内实验设计来研究正面和侧面视图中呈现的面部之间的情感识别差异。

方法

样本包括 132 名意大利大学生（88 名女性，M_年龄 = 24.27 岁，SD  = 5.89）。从 KDEF 集中选择正面和侧面显示的面部刺激。从每个情绪表达的正确反应的平均值计算出两个特定于情绪的识别准确度分数，即正面和侧面。此外，还记录了查看时间和响应时间 (RT)。

结果

正面呈现的恐惧、愤怒和悲伤的面部表情在轮廓上明显优于相同情绪的面部表情，而在其他情绪的识别中没有发现差异。当在个人资料中呈现表达恐惧和愤怒的面孔时，也发现了更长的观看时间。在本研究中，仅观察到主要依赖于眼睛区域的那些情绪的识别准确性受损。