Introduction: The aims were to examine if the total and item scores on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and self-reported memory problems differed between older women and men, and if self-reported memory problems were associated with scores on the 2 tests. Methods: We included 309 home-dwelling people aged 70 years and older, 155 women, mean age 75.6 (SD 4.1) years, and 154 men, mean age 76.0 (SD 4.6) years. They were examined with MoCA and MMSE, and they answered 2 questions: “have you experienced any memory problems” and “have you experienced significant memory problems the last 5 years?” Results: The participants scored significantly higher on the MMSE (women 28.0 [1.8], men 28.4 [1.4]) than on MoCA (women 24.6 [3.3], men 24.3 [3.1]). Spearman’s rho was 0.36 between the tests. Women scored significantly higher than men on delayed recall of MoCA (3.0 [1.6] vs. 2.4 [1.6]), whereas men scored significantly higher on visuoconstruction (3.8 [1.2] vs. 3.5 [1.0]) and serial subtraction on MoCA (2.7 [0.6] vs. 2.5 [0.8]) and serial sevens on MMSE (4.5 [0.8] vs. 4.1 [1.1]). Multivariate linear regression analyses revealed that female sex, younger age, and higher education were associated with a higher score on MoCA, whereas age and education were associated with a higher score on MMSE. About half of the participants (no sex difference) had experienced significant memory problems the last 5 years, and they had significantly lower scores on both tests. Conclusions: The MoCA score was associated with sex, age, and education, whereas sex did not influence the MMSE score. The question “have you experienced significant memory problems the last 5 years?” may be useful to evaluate older people’s cognition.
Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

中文翻译：

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蒙特利尔认知评估和简易精神状态检查分数的性别差异以及 70 岁及以上社区居民记忆问题自我报告的价值：HUNT 研究

简介：目的是检查蒙特利尔认知评估 (MoCA) 和简易精神状态检查 (MMSE) 的总分和项目分数以及老年女性和男性的自我报告记忆问题是否不同，以及自我报告的记忆问题与 2 项测试的分数有关。方法：我们纳入了 309 名 70 岁及以上的居家人士，155 名女性，平均年龄 75.6 (SD 4.1) 岁，以及 154 名男性，平均年龄 76.0 (SD 4.6) 岁。他们接受了 MoCA 和 MMSE 的检查，他们回答了 2 个问题：“您是否遇到过任何记忆问题”和“您在过去 5 年中是否遇到过严重的记忆问题？” 结果：参与者在 MMSE（女性 28.0 [1.8]，男性 28.4 [1.4]）上的得分明显高于 MoCA（女性 24.6 [3.3]，男性 24.3 [3.1]）。两次测试之间的 Spearman 的 rho 为 0.36。女性在 MoCA 延迟回忆（3.0 [1.6] 对 2.4 [1.6]）方面的得分明显高于男性，而男性在视觉构建（3.8 [1.2] 对 3.5 [1.0]）和 MoCA 连续减法（2.7）方面的得分明显高于男性[0.6] vs. 2.5 [0.8]) 和 MMSE 上的连续七人制 (4.5 [0.8] vs. 4.1 [1.1])。多元线性回归分析显示，女性、年龄较小和受教育程度较高与 MoCA 的较高分数相关，而年龄和教育程度与 MMSE 的较高分数相关。大约一半的参与者（没有性别差异）在过去的 5 年里经历过严重的记忆问题，结论： MoCA 评分与性别、年龄和教育程度相关，而性别不影响 MMSE 评分。问题“您在过去 5 年中是否经历过严重的记忆问题？” 可能有助于评估老年人的认知。
老年痴呆症认知障碍