Water is exceptionally vital for all living beings and socio-economic development. This study aimed to investigate the groundwater suitability for drinking in rural areas of Kamyaran city, Kurdistan province, Iran, by using the water quality index (WQI) and evaluating the non-carcinogenic health risk caused by nitrate from the drinking route. Forty-five groundwater samples were collected (2019) from operated dug-wells, and twelve parameters (TDS, pH, TH, EC, HCO₃⁻, K⁺, Na⁺, Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, Cl⁻, SO₄²⁻, and NO₃⁻) were measured to the calculation of WQI. Hazard Quotient (HQ) and sensitivity analysis (SA) using the Monte-Carlo Simulation technique with 10,000 iterations were employed to determine the non-carcinogenic effects of Nitrate in different exposed groups (Infant, children, teenagers, and adults). The results of WQI showed that 74% of groundwater samples fall within the excellent water quality class, and 26% of rural areas fall in the category of good water type. The nitrate concentration in drinking water ranged from 22.42 ± 11.44 mg/L. The HQ mean for infants, children, teenagers, and adults were 0.5606, 0.7288, 0.5606, and 0.438, respectively. Probability estimation showed the HQ values for the 5th, and 95th percentile in infants, children, teenagers, and adult groups were (0.25–1.81), (0.13–1.08), (0.13–0.97), and (0.07–0.51), respectively. The SA showed that the most significant parameter of non-carcinogenic risk in all exposed populations was nitrate concentration. Generally, nitrate concentration in the study area was relatively high, and remarkably in agriculture and fertilizer management required more attention.

水对于所有生物和社会经济发展至关重要。本研究旨在通过水质指数（WQI）调查伊朗库尔德斯坦省卡米亚兰市农村地区地下水的适宜饮用性，并评估饮用途径中硝酸盐引起的非致癌健康风险。从已运行的挖井中收集了 45 个地下水样品（2019 年）和 12 个参数（TDS、pH、TH、EC、HCO ₃ ⁻ 、K ⁺ 、Na ⁺ 、Mg ²⁺ 、Ca ²⁺ 、Cl ⁻ 、SO测量₄ ²⁻ 、NO ₃ ⁻ )以计算WQI。采用蒙特卡罗模拟技术进行 10,000 次迭代的危险商数 (HQ) 和敏感性分析 (SA) 来确定硝酸盐对不同暴露群体（婴儿、儿童、青少年和成人）的非致癌作用。水质监测结果显示，74%的地下水水质属于优类水质，26%的农村地区属于良水类。饮用水中硝酸盐浓度范围为22.42 ± 11.44 mg/L。婴儿、儿童、青少年和成人的 HQ 平均值分别为 0.5606、0.7288、0.5606 和 0.438。概率估计显示婴儿、儿童、青少年和成人组中第 5 个百分位数和第 95 个百分位的 HQ 值分别为 (0.25–1.81)、(0.13–1.08)、(0.13–0.97) 和 (0.07–0.51)。 。 SA 显示，所有暴露人群中最重要的非致癌风险参数是硝酸盐浓度。 总体来看，研究区硝酸盐浓度较高，农业和肥料管理方面需重点关注。