Purpose

Green approach to the nanoparticles, including metal oxides due to inevitable disadvantages of physical or chemical synthesis routes is attractive nowadays. Zink oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles play a key role in the medical and pharmaceutical fields. This research aimed to study the biologically synthesized ZnO nanoparticle using Bacillus subtilis, and evaluated its antibacterial properties.

Methods

Bacillus subtilis culture in a broth nutrient environment was used, followed by adding the Zinc acetate dehydrate. Biosynthesis of the nanoparticles was confirmed by the XRD, FTIR, and SEM imaging. The antibacterial effects of NPs on the expression of AdeB efflux pump genes and the AdeRS regulator were studied; clinical species of the Acinetobacter baumannii were collected from clinical samples of Khorramabad, using the phenotypic (MIC) and the genotypic methods through real-time PCR.

Results

X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) result showed, that all of the peaks were related to the ZnO, and no other peaks were detected; it also demonstrated nanostructure nature with crystallite size of 25–50 nm. The results indicated, that the antibacterial properties of the nanoparticle increased the AdeRS expression and decreased the AdeB expression in 40% of the A. Baumannii. In addition, there was an increase in the AdeB expression in 60% of the species, indicating an increased probability for mutation.

Conclusion

Given the desirable inhibitory effects of biosynthesized ZnO NPs on the expression of AdeB and AdeRS, which play an important role in the pharmaceutical resistance of Acinetobacter species, it seems that ZnO NPs can be used as a medication candidate in pharmaceutical industry in the future.

中文翻译：

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评价氧化锌纳米颗粒衍生的枯草芽孢杆菌对鲍曼不动杆菌外排泵基因（AdeB AdeRS）表达的影响

目的

由于物理或化学合成路线的不可避免的缺点，包括金属氧化物在内的纳米颗粒的绿色方法如今很有吸引力。氧化锌 (ZnO) 纳米颗粒在医学和制药领域发挥着关键作用。本研究旨在研究利用枯草芽孢杆菌生物合成的氧化锌纳米粒子，并评估其抗菌性能。

方法

使用在肉汤营养环境中的枯草芽孢杆菌培养物，然后加入乙酸锌脱水物。纳米粒子的生物合成通过 XRD、FTIR 和 SEM 成像得到证实。研究了NPs对AdeB外排泵基因和AdeRS调节因子表达的抗菌作用；鲍曼不动杆菌的临床物种是从霍拉马巴德的临床样本中收集的，使用表型 (MIC) 和基因型方法通过实时 PCR。

结果

X射线衍射图(XRD)结果表明，所有峰均与ZnO有关，未检测到其他峰；它还表现出微晶尺寸为 25-50 nm 的纳米结构性质。结果表明，纳米颗粒的抗菌特性增加了AdeRS的表达并降低了40% 的鲍曼不动杆菌中的AdeB表达。此外，60% 的物种中AdeB表达增加，表明突变的可能性增加。

结论

鉴于生物合成的 ZnO NPs 对 AdeB 和 AdeRS 的表达具有理想的抑制作用，而 AdeB 和 AdeRS 在不动杆菌属的耐药性中起重要作用，因此 ZnO NPs 似乎可以作为未来制药行业的候选药物。