Abstract—

A technique is proposed for carrying out flight calibration of a photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) of the photodetector in the orbital TUS detector of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays in the absence of a calibration signal. The new technique consists in calculating two statistical characteristics of digitized signals from detected events (their mean value A and variance \(\sigma _{A}^{2}\)) and constructing the linear approximation \(\sigma _{A}^{2}\)(A) for stationary signals. This technique has been tested in a laboratory experiment with a photodetector module, which is identical to the modules used in the detector. As a result, the gains of most photodetector channels of the TUS detector have been estimated again and the changes that occurred (in particular, the “aging effect”) have been analyzed.

中文翻译：

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TUS检测器中光电检测器的飞行校准

摘要-

提出了一种在没有校准信号的情况下对超高能宇宙射线轨道TUS探测器中的光电探测器的光电倍增管（PMT）进行飞行校准的技术。新技术包括根据检测到的事件计算数字信号的两个统计特征（它们的平均值A和方差\（\ sigma _ {A} ^ {2} \））并构造线性近似值\（\ sigma _ {A} ^ {2} \）（A）用于固定信号。该技术已在实验室实验中使用光电探测器模块进行了测试，该模块与探测器中使用的模块相同。结果，再次估算了TUS检测器的大多数光电检测器通道的增益，并分析了发生的变化（尤其是“老化效应”）。