Ariel’s ambitious goal to survey a quarter of known exoplanets will transform our knowledge of planetary atmospheres. Masses measured directly with the radial velocity technique are essential for well determined planetary bulk properties. Radial velocity masses will provide important checks of masses derived from atmospheric fits or alternatively can be treated as a fixed input parameter to reduce possible degeneracies in atmospheric retrievals. We quantify the impact of stellar activity on planet mass recovery for the Ariel mission sample using Sun-like spot models scaled for active stars combined with other noise sources. Planets with necessarily well-determined ephemerides will be selected for characterisation with Ariel. With this prior requirement, we simulate the derived planet mass precision as a function of the number of observations for a prospective sample of Ariel targets. We find that quadrature sampling can significantly reduce the time commitment required for follow-up RVs, and is most effective when the planetary RV signature is larger than the RV noise. For a typical radial velocity instrument operating on a 4 m class telescope and achieving 1 m s⁻¹ precision, between ~17% and ~ 37% of the time commitment is spent on the 7% of planets with mass M_p < 10 M_⊕. In many low activity cases, the time required is limited by asteroseismic and photon noise. For low mass or faint systems, we can recover masses with the same precision up to ~3 times more quickly with an instrumental precision of ~10 cm s⁻¹.

Ariel雄心勃勃的目标是调查四分之一的已知系外行星，这将改变我们对行星大气的认识。用径向速度技术直接测量的质量对于良好确定的行星体质量至关重要。径向速度质量将提供对来自大气拟合的质量的重要检查，或者可以将其视为固定的输入参数，以减少大气获取中可能的简并性。我们使用类似太阳的斑点模型（针对活动恒星和其他噪声源进行了缩放），对Ariel任务样本的恒星活动对行星质量恢复的影响进行了量化。用爱丽儿（Ariel）表征具有确定的星历表的行星将被选中。有了这个先决条件，我们将推算出的行星质量精度作为对Ariel目标的预期样本的观测次数的函数。我们发现，正交采样可以显着减少后续RV所需的时间投入，并且在行星RV特征大于RV噪声时最有效。有关4米类望远镜的典型径向速度仪器操作和实现1米小号^-1精度，〜17％，而承诺花费在与质量行星的7％的时间〜37％之间中号_p  <-10 M _⊕。在许多低活动度的情况下，所需的时间受到星震和光子噪声的限制。对于低质量或微弱的系统，我们可以以〜10 cm s ^-1的仪器精度以相同的精度更快地回收质量高达〜3倍。