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Structures of pathological and functional amyloids and prions, a solid-state NMR perspective
Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-26 , DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.670513
Asen Daskalov 1 , Nadia El Mammeri 1 , Alons Lends 1 , Jayakrishna Shenoy 1 , Gaelle Lamon 1 , Yann Fichou 1 , Ahmad Saad 1 , Denis Martinez 1 , Estelle Morvan 2 , Melanie Berbon 1 , Axelle Grélard 1 , Brice Kauffmann 2 , Mathias Ferber 3 , Benjamin Bardiaux 3 , Birgit Habenstein 1 , Sven J Saupe 4 , Antoine Loquet 1
Affiliation  

Infectious proteins or prions are a remarkable class of pathogens, where pathogenicity and infectious state correspond to conformational transition of a protein fold. The conformational change translates into the formation by the protein of insoluble amyloid aggregates, associated in humans with various neurodegenerative disorders and systemic protein-deposition diseases. The prion principle however is not limited to pathogenicity. While pathological amyloids (and prions) emerge from protein misfolding, a class of functional amyloids has been defined, consisting of amyloid-forming domains under natural selection and with diverse biological roles. Although of great importance, prion amyloid structures remain challenging for conventional structural biology techniques. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (SSNMR) has been preferentially used to investigate these insoluble, morphologically heterogeneous aggregates with poor crystallinity. SSNMR methods have yielded a wealth of knowledge regarding the fundamentals of prion biology and have helped to solve the structures of several prion and prion-like fibrils. Here, we will review pathological and functional amyloid structures and will discuss some of the obtained structural models. We will finish the review with a perspective on integrative approaches combining solid-state NMR, electron paramagnetic resonance and cryo-electron microscopy, which can complement and extend our toolkit to structurally explore various facets of prion biology.

中文翻译:

病理和功能淀粉样蛋白和病毒的结构,固态NMR的观点

感染性蛋白质或病毒是一类杰出的病原体,其致病性和感染状态与蛋白质折叠的构象转变相对应。构象变化转化为由蛋白质形成的不溶性淀粉状蛋白聚集体,在人类中与各种神经退行性疾病和全身性蛋白质沉积疾病有关。但是病毒原理不限于致病性。虽然病理性淀粉样蛋白(和病毒)从蛋白质错误折叠中出现,但已定义了一类功能性淀粉样蛋白,由自然选择下的淀粉样蛋白形成域组成,并具有多种生物学作用。尽管非常重要,,病毒淀粉样蛋白结构对于常规结构生物学技术仍然具有挑战性。固态核磁共振(SSNMR)已被优先用于研究这些不溶的,结晶度较差的形态不均一的聚集体。SSNMR方法已经获得了有关病毒生物学基础知识的丰富知识,并有助于解决几种病毒和类似病毒的原纤维的结构。在这里,我们将回顾病理和功能淀粉样蛋白的结构,并将讨论一些获得的结构模型。我们将以结合固态NMR,电子顺磁共振和低温电子显微镜的集成方法的观点来结束本综述,这些方法可以补充和扩展我们的工具包,以在结构上探索pr病毒生物学的各个方面。SSNMR方法已经获得了有关病毒生物学基础知识的丰富知识,并有助于解决几种病毒和类似病毒的原纤维的结构。在这里,我们将回顾病理和功能淀粉样蛋白的结构,并将讨论一些获得的结构模型。我们将以结合固态NMR,电子顺磁共振和低温电子显微镜的集成方法的观点来结束本综述,这些方法可以补充和扩展我们的工具包,以在结构上探索pr病毒生物学的各个方面。SSNMR方法已经获得了有关病毒生物学基础知识的丰富知识,并有助于解决几种病毒和类似病毒的原纤维的结构。在这里,我们将回顾病理和功能淀粉样蛋白的结构,并将讨论一些获得的结构模型。我们将以结合固态NMR,电子顺磁共振和低温电子显微镜的集成方法的观点来结束本综述,这些方法可以补充和扩展我们的工具包,以在结构上探索pr病毒生物学的各个方面。
更新日期:2021-05-26
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