Industrial experiments and thermodynamic analyses were carried out to investigate the formation mechanism of large-size (>30 µm) CaO–Al₂O₃–MgO–SiO₂ (CAMS) inclusions in high carbon chromium bearing steel. It was found that the large-size CAMS inclusions existed during the whole refining process, most of which compositions were located in the liquid region. The average content of SiO₂ in CAMS inclusions decreased from 27.5 mass% at argon-blowing station to 3.0 mass% in the hot-rolled bars. The results calculated by Factsage 7.3 indicated that the CAMS inclusions were originated from slag entrapment. During BOF tapping, the low basicity slag with 60 mass% SiO₂ was entrapped into steel and combined with the deoxidation product Al₂O₃, forming a large amount of liquid CAMS inclusions. During LF refining process, [Al], [Ca] and [Mg] in molten steel were affected by the activities of corresponding slag components. The reaction between these three elements and SiO₂ in CAMS inclusions originating from slag lead to the decrease of SiO₂ in the inclusions. Due to the low interfacial energy between liquid CAMS inclusions and steel, a few large-size inclusions may be inherited to hot-rolled bars. In light of this, several optimization steps were conducted during BOF tapping and argon-blowing station. After the optimization, large-size CAMS originated form BOF tapping were effectively removed.

工业实验和热力学分析进行了研究大尺寸（> 30的形成机理μ M）的CaO-Al系₂ ö ₃ -MgO-的SiO ₂（CAMS）在高碳铬轴承钢的夹杂物。发现在整个精炼过程中存在大尺寸的CAMS夹杂物，其中大部分成分位于液体区域。CAMS夹杂物中SiO ₂的平均含量从吹氩站的27.5质量%下降到热轧棒材的3.0质量%。Factsage 7.3 计算的结果表明，CAMS 夹杂物来源于夹渣。转炉出钢时，含 60% SiO ₂的低碱度炉渣夹杂在钢中并与脱氧产物Al ₂ O _{3 结合}，形成大量液态CAMS夹杂物。在LF精炼过程中，钢水中的[Al]、[Ca]和[Mg]受相应渣组分的活性影响。这三种元素与源自炉渣的CAMS夹杂物中SiO ₂之间的反应导致夹杂物中SiO ₂的减少。由于液态CAMS夹杂物与钢之间的界面能较低，少数大尺寸夹杂物可能会遗传给热轧棒材。有鉴于此，在转炉出钢和吹氩站期间进行了几个优化步骤。优化后，大尺寸CAMS起源于转炉出钢有效去除。