Previous studies have found that false memories increase when people receive stimuli which is related to their knowledge base. In the current set of four experiments, we examined how accident experience affected false memory production among motorcyclists using different types of false memory word lists. Specifically, Experiments 1, 2, and 3 were conducted involving motorcyclists with and without accident experience, whereas Study 4 was conducted on non-motorcyclists without accident experience. In all experiments, participants were given associatively-related word lists known to foster false memory creation. Different types of word lists were used consisting of accident-related words, emotionally-negative words, and neutral words. Levels of false memory were measured using recall and recognition tests. We found consistent results in Experiments 1, 2, and 3 in which among motorcyclists, accident-related words produced higher levels of false memory than emotionally-negative and neutral words. This pattern was not observed in Experiment 4 where non-motorcyclists were involved. Our results shed light on the role of previous experience on false memory formation. One implication could be that the police should be careful with reports of motorcyclists' experiences about their accidents as motorcyclists may spontaneously come up with false, but related details concerning these experiences.

先前的研究发现，当人们受到与其知识基础有关的刺激时，虚假记忆会增加。在当前的四组实验中，我们研究了事故经历如何影响使用不同类型的错误记忆单词列表的摩托车手的错误记忆产生。具体来说，实验1、2和3是在有或没有事故经验的摩托车手的陪同下进行的，而研究4是在没有事故经验的非摩托车手的情况下进行的。在所有实验中，都为参与者提供了与联想有关的单词表，这些单词表可促进虚假记忆的创建。使用了不同类型的单词表，包括与事故相关的单词，情绪否定的单词和中性的单词。使用回忆和识别测试来测量错误记忆的水平。我们在实验1中发现了一致的结果，参照图2和图3，其中与摩托车驾驶者相比，与事故负相关和中立的单词相比，与事故相关的单词产生的错误记忆水平更高。在非摩托车手参与的实验4中未观察到这种模式。我们的结果阐明了先前经验对错误记忆形成的作用。一种暗示可能是，警察应谨慎对待摩托车手有关其事故的报道，因为摩托车手可能会自发提出虚假的但与这些经历有关的细节。我们的结果阐明了先前经验对错误记忆形成的作用。一种暗示可能是，警察应谨慎对待摩托车手有关其事故的报道，因为摩托车手可能会自发提出虚假的但与这些经历有关的细节。我们的结果阐明了先前经验对错误记忆形成的作用。一种暗示可能是，警察应谨慎对待摩托车手有关其事故的报道，因为摩托车手可能会自发提出虚假的但与这些经历有关的细节。