Haptic interactions in consumer devices have become more critical with immersive streaming content by including high-resolution video and sound as well as tactile information. Mobile devices such as tablets and smartphones are significantly limited for creating effective haptic illusions as they are too small in size to accommodate complex actuators and are without mechanical support. Recent studies and commercial products show that the use of larger and complex multi-coil linear resonant actuators (LRAs) can significantly improve tactile perception quality at the expense of significant design constraints such as size and cost. In this study, a novel driving pattern and complete system design are presented that enables similar quality haptic effects using a simple LRA system. The proposed driving pattern consists of segmented signals with different frequencies and duty cycles determined from finite element-based modal analysis, and it was used to simulate the two most common touch controls, the button and slider, on a mobile device. Numerical and experimental results showed that the system can achieve a 3× reduction in cost, a 9× reduction in weight, and a 6× reduction in volume. User tests comparing smartphones with the novel LRA driving pattern and the benchmark devices demonstrated the feasibility of a low-cost solution to improve haptic effects and illusions.

中文翻译：

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在移动设备中实现触觉效果的新颖驱动模式


通过包含高分辨率视频和声音以及触觉信息，消费设备中的触觉交互对于沉浸式流媒体内容变得更加重要。平板电脑和智能手机等移动设备在创建有效的触觉错觉方面受到很大限制，因为它们尺寸太小，无法容纳复杂的执行器，并且没有机械支撑。最近的研究和商业产品表明，使用更大且复杂的多线圈线性谐振执行器（LRA）可以显着提高触觉感知质量，但会受到尺寸和成本等重大设计限制的影响。在这项研究中，提出了一种新颖的驱动模式和完整的系统设计，可以使用简单的 LRA 系统实现类似质量的触觉效果。所提出的驱动模式由基于有限元模态分析确定的不同频率和占空比的分段信号组成，用于模拟移动设备上两种最常见的触摸控件：按钮和滑块。数值和实验结果表明，该系统可以实现成本降低3倍、重量降低9倍、体积降低6倍。用户测试将智能手机与新颖的 LRA 驾驶模式和基准设备进行比较，证明了改善触觉效果和错觉的低成本解决方案的可行性。