Antarctica is one of the most effective sites to measure the impact of human isolation, sleep deprivation, light-dark period and harsh environmental conditions. In the present study we address several aspects of the activation and regulation of the complement system. Alterations in the body systems mainly related to immunology, physiology and psychology, during expeditions to the Antarctica, leads to various complexities. In the present study the research findings are based on two group members from 34th Indian Scientific Expedition to the Antarctic. The first group-included members from “summer” expedition, while the second group-included members subjected to the Antarctic environment for the “winter” expedition. Blood samples were collected from both the groups and evaluated for various activation and regulatory complement protein. Serum levels of C3, C4 & C5a were analysed. Anaphylatoxin C3a was up regulated significantly in both the teams. However, C5a, another anaphylatoxin was also increased in both teams though not significantly during winter expedition. Complement regulatory proteins C1- Inhibitor, Factor D, Factor H were unregulated significantly during summer and winter exposures. However, Factor D levels increased significantly only in the month of April (W2) of summer exposure. Thus, this indicates that harsh Antarctic conditions could be detrimental factor for activation of complement system in both the teams. However, the effect of activated complement system during the expedition was regulated in positive manner and could not be correlated with clinical manifestations due to the multiple stressors and small population size during Antarctic expedition.

南极洲是衡量人类隔离、睡眠剥夺、明暗时期和恶劣环境条件影响的最有效地点之一。在本研究中，我们解决了补体系统激活和调节的几个方面。在南极探险期间，主要与免疫学、生理学和心理学有关的身体系统的变化导致了各种复杂性。在本研究中，研究结果基于来自第 34 次印度科学考察队的两名小组成员到南极。第一组包括“夏季”探险的成员，而第二组包括“冬季”探险南极环境的成员。从两组中收集血液样本并评估各种激活和调节补体蛋白。分析了 C3、C4 和 C5a 的血清水平。过敏毒素 C3a 在两个团队中均显着上调。然而，C5a，另一种过敏毒素在两个团队中也有所增加，尽管在冬季探险期间并不显着。补体调节蛋白 C1-抑制剂、因子 D、因子 H 在夏季和冬季暴露期间显着不受调节。然而，因子 D 水平仅在夏季暴露的四月 (W2) 中显着增加。因此，这表明恶劣的南极条件可能是两个团队激活补体系统的不利因素。然而，由于南极探险期间的多重压力和人口规模小，探险期间激活的补体系统的作用受到积极调节，与临床表现不相关。分析了C4和C5a。过敏毒素 C3a 在两个团队中均显着上调。然而，C5a，另一种过敏毒素在两个团队中也有所增加，尽管在冬季探险期间并不显着。补体调节蛋白 C1-抑制剂、因子 D、因子 H 在夏季和冬季暴露期间显着不受调节。然而，因子 D 水平仅在夏季暴露的四月 (W2) 中显着增加。因此，这表明恶劣的南极条件可能是两个团队激活补体系统的不利因素。然而，由于南极探险期间的多重压力和人口规模小，探险期间激活的补体系统的作用受到积极调节，与临床表现不相关。分析了C4和C5a。过敏毒素 C3a 在两个团队中均显着上调。然而，C5a，另一种过敏毒素在两个团队中也有所增加，尽管在冬季探险期间并不显着。补体调节蛋白 C1-抑制剂、因子 D、因子 H 在夏季和冬季暴露期间显着不受调节。然而，因子 D 水平仅在夏季暴露的四月 (W2) 中显着增加。因此，这表明恶劣的南极条件可能是两个团队激活补体系统的不利因素。然而，由于南极探险期间的多重压力和人口规模小，探险期间激活的补体系统的作用受到积极调节，与临床表现不相关。过敏毒素 C3a 在两个团队中均显着上调。然而，C5a，另一种过敏毒素在两个团队中也有所增加，尽管在冬季探险期间并不显着。补体调节蛋白 C1-抑制剂、因子 D、因子 H 在夏季和冬季暴露期间显着不受调节。然而，因子 D 水平仅在夏季暴露的四月 (W2) 中显着增加。因此，这表明恶劣的南极条件可能是两个团队激活补体系统的不利因素。然而，由于南极探险期间的多重压力和人口规模小，探险期间激活的补体系统的作用受到积极调节，与临床表现不相关。过敏毒素 C3a 在两个团队中均显着上调。然而，C5a，另一种过敏毒素在两个团队中也有所增加，尽管在冬季探险期间并不显着。补体调节蛋白 C1-抑制剂、因子 D、因子 H 在夏季和冬季暴露期间显着不受调节。然而，因子 D 水平仅在夏季暴露的四月 (W2) 中显着增加。因此，这表明恶劣的南极条件可能是两个团队激活补体系统的不利因素。然而，由于南极探险期间的多重压力和人口规模小，探险期间激活的补体系统的作用受到积极调节，与临床表现不相关。