We analyze the factors that determine human capital formation in the rural and urban sectors of Nepal and decompose the intersectoral difference into variables underlying supply and demand for human capital. In particular, we examine the role of access to primary and secondary schools as well as the socioeconomic, demographic, and geographic characteristics of households. Our results are based on Nepal Living Standards Survey data for 2004 and 2011. We find that access to schooling has a significant impact on the level of human capital, especially in rural areas. Our Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition attributes a large portion of the rural–urban gap to socioeconomic and demographic variables. Yet, the results reinforce our claim that an improvement in schooling access and road infrastructure is also necessary, particularly in the vast rural sector of Nepal, if human capital development is to provide a greater contribution to national welfare.

中文翻译：

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尼泊尔的哪些因素造成了城乡人力资本差异？来自住户调查数据的证据

我们分析了决定尼泊尔农村和城市部门人力资本形成的因素，并将部门间的差异分解为人力资本供求的基础变量。特别是，我们研究了进入小学和中学的作用，以及家庭的社会经济，人口和地理特征。我们的结果基于2004年和2011年的尼泊尔生活水平调查数据。我们发现，上学机会对人力资本水平有重大影响，尤其是在农村地区。我们的Blinder-Oaxaca分解将大部分的城乡差距归因于社会经济和人口变量。但是，结果进一步证实了我们的观点，即改善入学条件和道路基础设施也是必要的，