Lung transplantation is an accepted therapeutic option for end-stage lung diseases. The imbalance between limited availability and vast need of donor organs necessitates careful selection of recipient candidates, ensuring the best possible utilization of the scarce resource of organs. Nonetheless, possible lung transplant candidates who could experience a meaningful improvement in survival and quality of life should not be excluded solely based on the complexity of their case. In this review, controversial issues or difficult limitations for lung transplantation, and new developments in recipient selection criteria, are discussed, which may help broaden recipient eligibility for lung transplantation without compromising long-term outcomes.

肺移植是终末期肺病的公认治疗选择。有限的可用性和供体器官的巨大需求之间的不平衡需要仔细选择受体候选人，以确保最好地利用稀缺的器官资源。尽管如此，不应仅仅因为病例的复杂性而排除可能在生存和生活质量方面有显着改善的肺移植候选者。在这篇综述中，讨论了肺移植的争议问题或困难限制，以及受者选择标准的新发展，这可能有助于扩大受者接受肺移植的资格，而不会影响长期结果。