Common cross-currently illuminated photochemical reactors lack energy efficiency to make them competitive in industry. The use of co- and counter-current illumination was previously proven to increase reactor performance, but these approaches made use of a collimated LED module whereby the used LED module itself having a lower than typical optical efficiency. In this paper, we study the use of non-collimated LEDs for the use in co- and counter-currently illuminated reactors. A ray tracing model was implemented in COMSOL and was validated using experimental data. Via these experimental data, the regime of no kinetic limitations was observed as conversion is not hampered by increasing light flux. Via the model results, it was determined that the most suitable light source for optimal light absorption by the reagent was the most collimated LED possible, in this case with a total viewing angle of 10°. The optimal reactor set-up uses the most reflective material, preferably aluminium or silver, to recuperate diverging light rays of the used wavelength. Furthermore, the wall thickness of the glass reactor must not be excessively thick, with an optimum at 1.5 mm wall thickness for this case. Regarding reagents and absorbance, it is best to use a higher concentration and reduce reactor length as this increases reactor performance under the condition that quantum yield is stable. Via the use of non-collimated light, it was determined that the entrance efficiency can be increased compared to a fully collimated light source, at the cost of reflection losses that increase with path length.

常见的交叉电流照明光化学反应器缺乏能源效率，无法使其在行业中具有竞争力。先前已证明使用顺流和逆流照明可提高反应器性能，但这些方法使用准直 LED 模块，由此使用的 LED 模块本身具有低于典型的光学效率。在本文中，我们研究了在顺流和逆流照明反应器中使用非准直 LED。在 COMSOL 中实现了光线追踪模型，并使用实验数据进行了验证。通过这些实验数据，观察到没有动力学限制的状态，因为增加的光通量不会阻碍转化。通过模型结果，经确定，最适合试剂最佳光吸收的光源是尽可能准直的 LED，在这种情况下，总视角为 10°。最佳反应器设置使用反射性最强的材料，最好是铝或银，以回收所用波长的发散光线。此外，玻璃反应器的壁厚不能过厚，在这种情况下壁厚最佳为 1.5 毫米。关于试剂和吸光度，最好使用较高的浓度并减少反应器长度，因为这样可以在量子产率稳定的条件下提高反应器性能。通过使用非准直光，确定与完全准直光源相比可以提高入射效率，