A pre-requisite for the design of wireless systems is the understanding of the propagation channel. While a wealth of propagation knowledge exists for bands below 6 GHz, the same can not be said for bands approaching millimeter-wave frequencies. In this paper, we present the design, implementation and measurement-based verification of a re-configurable 27.5-29.5 GHz channel sounder for measuring dynamic directional channels. Based on the switched array principle, our design is capable of characterizing 128$\times$256 dual-polarized channels with snapshot times of around 600 ms. This is in sharp contrast to measurement times on the order of tens-of-minutes with rotating horn antenna sounders. Our design lends itself to high angular resolution at both link ends with calibrated antenna arrays sampled at 2$^\circ$ and 5$^\circ$ intervals in the azimuth and elevation domains. This is complemented with a bandwidth of up to 2 GHz, enabling nanosecond-level delay resolution. The short measurement times and stable radio frequency design facilitates real-time processing and averaging of the received wavefronts to gain measurement signal-to-noise ratio and dynamic range. After disclosing the sounder design and implementation, we demonstrate its capabilities by presenting dynamic and static measurements at 28 GHz over a 1 GHz bandwidth in an office corridor environment.

中文翻译：

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用于动态通道表征的27.5-29.5 GHz开关阵列测深仪：设计，实现和测量

无线系统设计的先决条件是对传播信道的理解。尽管对于低于6 GHz的频带存在丰富的传播知识，但对于接近毫米波频率的频带却不能说相同的知识。在本文中，我们介绍了用于测量动态定向信道的可重新配置的27.5-29.5 GHz信道探测仪的设计，实现和基于测量的验证。基于交换阵列原理，我们的设计能够表征128 $×256的双极化通道，快照时间约为600 ms。这与使用旋转号角天线发声器的数十分钟量级的测量时间形成鲜明对比。我们的设计通过在方位角和仰角域中以2 ^ \ circ $和5 $ ^ \ circ $间隔采样的校准天线阵列，在链路的两端都提供了高角度分辨率。此外，它还具有高达2 GHz的带宽，可实现纳秒级的延迟分辨率。短的测量时间和稳定的射频设计有助于对接收的波前进行实时处理和平均，从而获得测量信噪比和动态范围。公开了更合理的设计和实现之后，我们通过在办公室走廊环境中以1 GHz带宽在28 GHz上进行动态和静态测量来展示其性能。短的测量时间和稳定的射频设计有助于对接收的波前进行实时处理和平均，从而获得测量信噪比和动态范围。公开了更合理的设计和实现之后，我们通过在办公室走廊环境中以1 GHz带宽在28 GHz上进行动态和静态测量来展示其性能。短的测量时间和稳定的射频设计有助于对接收的波前进行实时处理和平均，从而获得测量信噪比和动态范围。公开了更合理的设计和实现之后，我们通过在办公室走廊环境中以1 GHz带宽在28 GHz上进行动态和静态测量来展示其性能。