Purpose

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the perceived enjoyment that is derived from spectators observing other spectators’ dysfunctional behavior during a game.

Design/methodology/approach

Using four forms (i.e. fighting, verbal assault, disrupting play and throwing missiles) of spectators dysfunctional behavior (SDB), two experiments (N = 252 for Study 1 and N = 92 for Study 2) were conducted in which video clips corresponding to the four types of SDB were used as experimental stimuli.

Findings

The findings indicate that participants enjoyed viewing spectators running onto the field of play significantly more than the other forms of SDB (i.e. fighting, verbal assaults and throwing missiles). The results also show no significant difference between how much spectators enjoyed the actions of fighting, verbal assault and throwing missiles.

Originality/value

The novelty of this study include the usage of a multidimensional approach to the concept of SDB and testing for a positive outcome pertaining to SDB that has largely, if not fully, been examined using negative inputs and outputs.

中文翻译：

---

美国职棒大联盟中观众功能失调行为对观众享受的相对影响

目的

本研究的目的是评估观众在比赛中观察其他观众的功能失调行为所产生的感知乐趣。

设计/方法/方法

使用观众功能失调行为 (SDB) 的四种形式（即打架、言语攻击、破坏游戏和投掷导弹），进行了两个实验（ 研究 1 的N = 252 和 研究 2 的N = 92），其中视频剪辑对应于四种类型的 SDB 被用作实验刺激。

发现

调查结果表明，与其他形式的 SDB（即打架、口头攻击和投掷导弹）相比，参与者更喜欢观看跑到比赛场地上的观众。结果还显示，观众对战斗、言语攻击和投掷导弹的喜爱程度没有显着差异。

原创性/价值

这项研究的新颖之处包括对 SDB 概念的多维方法的使用，以及测试与 SDB 相关的积极结果，该结果在很大程度上（如果不是完全）使用负面输入和输出进行了检查。