Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is an uncommon illness that is characterized by obstruction of hepatic venous outflow. Patients typically present with nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, which can further progress into signs associated with liver failure, including jaundice, encephalopathy, and coagulopathy. The most common causes of BCS include pathologies that induce portal vein thrombosis, such as myeloproliferative disorders, malignancy, and acquired hypercoagulable states. In this case report, a patient who presented with abdominal pain and distention is diagnosed with BCS caused by an unusual etiology. He was found to have significant eosinophilia, prompting additional evaluation for parasitic infections. Using stool diagnostics/studies, he was found to have Dientamoeba fragilis trophozoites. The patient was treated with enoxaparin, warfarin, and metronidazole with a resolution of his symptoms. This case outlines a novel cause of BCS as well as the proposed mechanism of Dientamoeba fragilis induction of BCS.
Case Rep Gastroenterol 2021;15:470–474

中文翻译：

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Budd-Chiari 综合征患者的新罪魁祸首

Budd-Chiari 综合征 (BCS) 是一种罕见的疾病，其特征是肝静脉流出道阻塞。患者通常会出现恶心、呕吐和腹痛，这些症状会进一步发展为与肝功能衰竭相关的体征，包括黄疸、脑病和凝血病。BCS 的最常见原因包括诱发门静脉血栓形成的病理，例如骨髓增生性疾病、恶性肿瘤和获得性高凝状态。在本病例报告中，一名出现腹痛和腹胀的患者被诊断为由异常病因引起的 BCS。他被发现有明显的嗜酸性粒细胞增多症，促使进一步评估寄生虫感染。使用粪便诊断/研究，他被发现患有脆弱变形虫滋养体。患者接受依诺肝素、华法林和甲硝唑治疗，症状得到缓解。这个案例概述了 BCS 的新原因以及 BCS 的脆弱土阿米巴诱导机制。
Case Rep Gastroenterol 2021；15:470–474