Abstract

Archeoseismological studies of the ruins of the Djanavara monastery complex (Varna, Bulgaria) have been carried out. The complicated character of the investigated destruction required different methods of archeoseismological investigation. Their description constitutes the first part of the paper. Different types of seismic deformations in building structures caused by surface ruptures and displacement of building elements along them are considered, as well as secondary deformations, i.e., when destruction and damage in building constructions occurred due to strong seismic motions produced by a distant source. We discuss the possible interpretations of the peculiar destruction types as kinematic indicators in modern buildings and archeological objects. We provide examples of different types of destruction and collapses of constructions, the tilting and rotation of building elements, as well as displacements without rotation. The possibility of locating the earthquake epicenter based on the data on orientations of collapses and methods of dating and seismic event parameterization are also discussed. The results of applying these methods in order to study the ruins of the Djanavara Cloister complex will be given in the second part of the paper.

中文翻译：

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地震变形在一个早期的基督徒修道院里在Djanavara，瓦尔纳，保加利亚地区。第1部分：学习方法

摘要

已经对Djanavara修道院建筑群（保加利亚瓦尔纳）的废墟进行了考古学研究。被调查破坏的复杂特征要求采用不同的考古学调查方法。它们的描述构成了本文的第一部分。考虑到由表面破裂和建筑构件沿其破裂引起的建筑结构的不同类型的地震变形，以及二次变形，即二次变形，即当远距离震源产生强烈的地震运动而造成建筑结构的破坏和损坏时。我们讨论了特殊破坏类型作为现代建筑和考古物体运动学指标的可能解释。我们提供了不同类型的建筑物破坏和倒塌的示例，建筑元素的倾斜和旋转，以及不旋转的位移。还讨论了基于倒塌方向数据以及日期和地震事件参数化方法定位地震震中的可能性。为了研究Djanavara Cloister建筑群的废墟而应用这些方法的结果将在本文的第二部分给出。