A broadband, high radiation efficiency graphene-based reconfigurable square spiral antenna for terahertz communication is proposed. The main part of the antenna is the graphene-based square spiral microstrip patch. The proposed antenna is built and simulated using high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS). By applying different combinations of chemical potentials on the graphene layer, the operating frequency of the antenna can be varied from 0.1 to 2 THz. The tuning range of frequency and beam direction with same and different chemical potentials applied to the two graphene sheets are also studied. When the antenna is applied with different chemical potentials, the required bias voltages are much lower to achieve the same frequency tuning range, and the tuning range of beam direction is about 2.5 times that of same chemical potentials. The realized beam reconfiguration of the proposed antenna is over a wide range up to 74°, and the calculated maximum radiation efficiency of the proposed antenna at 1.48 THz is 85.06%. Therefore, the proposed reconfigurable antenna makes it extremely promising for terahertz communication system.

中文翻译：

---

基于石墨烯的太赫兹通信可重构天线设计

提出了一种用于太赫兹通信的宽带、高辐射效率石墨烯可重构方形螺旋天线。天线的主要部分是基于石墨烯的方形螺旋微带贴片。所提出的天线是使用高频结构模拟器（HFSS）构建和模拟的。通过在石墨烯层上应用不同的化学势组合，天线的工作频率可以在 0.1 到 2 THz 之间变化。还研究了施加到两个石墨烯片上的相同和不同化学势的频率和光束方向的调谐范围。当天线施加不同的化学势时，达到相同频率调谐范围所需的偏置电压要低得多，波束方向的调谐范围约为相同化学势的2.5倍。所提出天线的实现波束重构在高达 74°的宽范围内进行，并且所提出天线在 1.48 THz 处的计算最大辐射效率为 85.06%。因此，所提出的可重构天线使其在太赫兹通信系统中非常有前途。